Notes

Byzantine Sources:
-Kekaumenos clearly says the Vlachs of Thessaly come from North of the river Danube and Sava.
-Kinnamos, upon encountering the vlachs in the Carpathian passes in 1167, states "it is said they are colonists arrived long ago from Italy"

-Nicetas Choniates tells us that as Andronic Comnenos was heading towards the Cneazate of Hailici in 1164, but was captured by Vlachs along the way. The vlachs are clearly indicated as being North of the Danube.

-Maurikios' Strategykon and Acta Sancti Demetrii ('The Deeds of St. Demeter') mentions the existence of the Roman element north of Danube at the beginning of the 8th century and their Latin language

-Laonikos Chalkokondyles, a Byzantine writer, came to the conclusion in the 15th century came to the conclusion, after interacting with Vlachs from the Pindus mountains, that the Dacians spoke „a broken Italian.” This is of course the wrong conclusion, but it shows educated men generally regarded the Vlachs as Romanized Dacians.

-Procopius wrote of an Ant (Slavs in Moldova) who was able to pass himself off as a Roman officer because he knew how to speak Latin. This implies that there were people North of the Danube who could still speak Latin.[Procopius, De Bella Gothica, III, 14]

-Anna Komnenos wrote in the Alexiadis of the Scythians, Sarmatians, and Dacians North of the Danube. The Scythians and Sarmatians are obviously references to nomadic horsemen (Avars etc.) while the Dacians are most likely a reference to the Romanians. French historian Ed. Sayous is in agreement with this notion, and believes that the Hungarians must have encountered a large number of Latin-speaking people when they arrived in Pannonia. [Anna Komnenos, Alexiadis, VII, p. 227; Ed. Sayous, Histoire generale des Hongrois, III]

Italian Sources:
-Antonius Bonfinius wrote: “Because the Romanians are descendants of the Romans, a fact that even today is attested by their language, a language that, even though they are surrounded by diverse barbarian peoples, could not be destroyed.... even if all kinds of barbarian attacks flooded over the province of Dacia and the Roman people, we can see that the Roman colonies and legions that had been established there could not be annihilated”

-Francesco della Valle wrote in 1534: "the emperor Trajan, after conquering this country, divided it among his soldiers and made it into a Roman colony, so that these Romanians are descendants, as it is said, of these ancient colonists, and they preserve the name of the Romans"

-Thomas Tuscus wrote, on the expedition of the emperor Conrad III against the Turks, in a Crusade during 1140 AD: “The troops from Provence, from France, Lotaringia and Germany went towards Constantinople through Hungary, Valahia and Pannonia.” How could there be a "Valahia" without vlahs to populate it North of the Danube?

-Pomponio Leto in the 15th century wrote „Dacia is a province which extendes in both directions over the Danube, which today is called Volochia and is ihabited by Volohs. It is an Italian land, ever since the Dacians speak Italian.”

-Pietro Ransano, a biographer of Iancu de Hunedoara, came to the conclusion that the vlachs are Italians who speak a „broken Italian”

-Filippo Buonaccorsi Callimaco writes in the 15th century that Poles considered the Romanians as Italians, which is also why they give them the name Wlochy.

-In Descriptio Evropae Orientalis we are informed by the anonymous author that the vlachs in Macedonia are the descendants of the Roman shepherds (pastores Romanorum) who were forced out of Pannonia by the invading Magyars. [Anonymi, Descriptio Europae Orientalis, p.7 & p.17]

German Sources
-“Das Nibelungenlied”, composed in the year 1140. In Chapter XXII, we see a passage mentioning Vlachs and their leader, Ramunc. The context of the whole song was the marriage of Attila, and many cultures, each speaking a different language. From these, we find the duke Ramunc, who, together with seven hundred of his best fighters, scare away the horses of the Huns. The important thing here is not to take it as a literal account of events, but to show evidence that Romanians were in Transylvania in quite noticeable numbers in 1140, long before Hungarians are willing to admit it.

-Nicolaus Olahus, a Transylvanian Humanist of Romanian extraction, received in 1541 a diploma from Ferdinand of Habsburg. The diploma also said (I didn't find the original text, I'm translating after a translation): "your co-national Vlachs do not have a humble origin at all. Indeed, it is known they descend from Rome, the city of the emperors, and that they were settled in a very rich side of Dacia which is called Transalpina to stop the attacks of the ancient enemies in Roman provinces. That's why even today they call themselves Romans in their language."

Hungarian Sources:
-Annonymus

-Simon de Keza

We've spoken of both of these authors ad-nauseam. Dromikaites may want to add a few more, but 2 is sufficient for now.

Polish Sources:
-The Polish Chronicler Dlugosz writes in his Historia Polonica that in a battle in 1070 between the cneaz of Polotsk and Kiev, the cneaz of Polotsk had in his army “Russians, Pecennegs, and Vlahs.” [Historia Polonica, I. Dlugosz, I, p. 265]

Oriental Sources:
-The Armenian cartographer Moses Chorenatsi writes in the 9th century of a "the country which is called Balak” (in reference to Blachs/Vlachs) North of the Danube.

-The Turkic chronicle Oguzname written in 839 mentions vlachs (ulaqi) living East of the Carpathians, where they were encountered by the Pechennegs and Cumans and fought with them.

-Persian geographer Gardizi's treatise entitled The Jewel of Histories, written during 1049-1053 or in 1094, describes the ethnical and political reality of Eastern Europe, mentions "a nation from the Roman Empire (az Rum); and they are all Christians (...) and they are more in number than the Magyars..." (see V. Minorsky, "Hudud al Alam", London, 1938, Gibb Memorial Series).

Russian Sources:
-Nestor's Chronicle, (1097-1110), relating events from 862 to 1110, mentions Wallachians attacking and subduing the Slavs north of Danube and settling among them. He also mentions Wallachians fighting the Hungarians at the passes of the Carpathians and also mentions Roman shepherds (pastores romanorum) in Pannonia.

Papal Sources:
-Pope Pius II (1458-1464) Commentarium rerum memorabilium: "Valachi lingua utuntur Italica, verum imperfecta, et admodum corrupta; sunt qui legions Romanas ….."

-Enea Silvio Piccolomini (1501) "Transilvania..., it is inhabited by three peoples: the Saxons, the Szecklers and the Romanians. The Saxons had come from Saxony, and are strong men, used to the struggle…, the Szecklers are considered the most ancient Hungarians…, The Romanians are of Italian stock…"

-a similar episode can be extracted from the papal correspondence three decades later. In 1592/1593, trying to organize an anti-Ottoman alliance, the pope Clement VIII wrote to his messenger Alessandro Komulovic to rally the Wallachians and the Moldavians to their cause "riducendo loro anco a memoria, ch'essi sono colonna d'Italiani" (remind them they are a colony of Italians)

Norse Chronicles:
-Snorri Sturluson, an Icelandic chronicler, mentions the that North of the Danube there was a “Blokumannland” in 1114.

-In 1018/1019 the Romanians (Blokumenn) are mentioned in the Saga of Eymund. They participate alongside the Pechennegs in the Kievan wars for succession. Note that this is reflective of what Dlugosz, the Polish author, wrote as well.

-An early 13th century biography of St. Olaf of Norway [St. Olaf’s Saga and the Circle of the World], now preserved in the 14th century manuscript Flatejarbok, mentions Vlachs (Blokumenn) as being Sviatopolk’s allies (in the early XIth century). [Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages 500-1200, Florin Curta, Cambridge University Press. P. 303]

-A runestone from the Njoshem cemetery in Gotland dating from the 11th century commemorates a merchant Rodfos who was traveling to Constantinople through “The land of the Vlachs” where he was killed. The geographic region in question is clearly North of the Danube. [Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages 500-1200, Florin Curta, Cambridge University Press. P. 303]

"Rodvisl and Rodälv raised this stone for his three sons. This one after Rodfos. He [Rodfos] was betrayed by the Wallachians on his journey. God help the soul of Rodfos. God betray those who betrayed him [referring to Rodfos]."