Notes

🌄🌋Rural environment
•People live on farms and villages
•Carry out activities like fishing and forestry
Urban Environment
•A built-up area such as a town or city with a large number of people and buildings
e.g. Singapore... Shanghai, china

🌇🌃Urban Environment in Singapore
•High rise buildings in the Central Business District
•Roads,flyovers and expressway
•Vast network of underground tunnels

🌀🌁Hunter-gatherer society
•Before 10,000 years ago
•Nomadic - People move around in search of food,they were hunters-gatherers
•No permanent shelters
•Houses made of simple materials e.g. wood,leaves
•Live together in small groups of 20-40
e.g. Efe people(Democratic Republic of Congo)
!Kung Bushmen(Kalahari Dessert)

🌉Agrarian society
•Around 10,000 years ago
•People discovered ways to grow crops and raise livestock for food
•Sedentary lifestyle-people lived in fixed places and grouped together in larger numbers
•Areas with fertile land
e.g.river mouths,Nile delta in Egypt
•Practised irrigation(artificial application of water to the crops
•Excess crops sold for profit

🌃🌆Industrial society
•Around 200 years ago
•Depends mainly on the manufacturing of goods using machinery and technology
•Driven by advances in science and technology
•Manufacturing and commercial farming are carried out for profit
•Early industrial cities found near waterways and sources of energy
e.g. Newcastle Upon Tyne , United Kingdom (coal deposits)

🌌Urbanisation
• The increase in the proportion of people living in cities

1. Large population size
2. High population density(number of people divide by area in km²
3.Cosmopolitan population
4. Built-up area
Push factor
•Weather disasters
e.g. floods,droughts
•Poverty

•Natural increase=Birth rate-Death rate
•Rural-urban migration>The movement of people from rural areas into a city to live and work
•Better educational oppotunities
•Job oppotunities
•More advanced medical care
•Better amenities and facilities
e.g. well developed transport network,shopping malls
•Population density = Number of people ➗ Area they occupy( in sq km)

Cosmopolitan population
•A multicultural society with many people from diverse cultural background

Built-up area
•Covered by buildings and roads(dense transport network)


Transport
•Modes of transportation refer to the types of transportation used to facilitate the movement of people or goods from one place to another
• Private transport refers to transport owned by individuals
e.g. cars 🚙
•Private transport refers to transport provided by the government or private companies e.g. buses, trains and taxis.🚌 🚄 🚓