Notes

3 steps in the process of using file systems
-divide the hard drive into partitions
-format each partition
-mount the formatted partitions onto the directory tree or an existing filesystem
mount command checks on existing mounts and mounts the partitions
description of source-every mounted filesystem comes from a source-a disk, a network location for a fileystsem, or a tag indicating a pseudo-filesystem
/dev/sda5 on /home type ext4 (rw|)
proc on /proc
mount point-shows where the source can be found on the filesystem
/dev/sda5 on / type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sda5 on /home type ext (rw)
filesystem type-each filesystem has a type, which tells the kernel how to work with the data contained in the device
/dev/sda5 on /home type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
the mount command is given two arguments: filesystem identifier and the directory pathname
mount command will allow the root user to mount a partition on a existing directory
Linux keeps parts of the filesystem in memory to maximize performance
-umount command is use to unmount a filsystem or a directory
umount command will fail to unmount a filesystem
-there is a file open that is located within the filesystem
-there is an executable file running that is located within the filesystem
-a user has a directory within the filesystem as their current working directory
when the umount command fails to unmount a filesystem, it will normally report that the device is busy
the lsof or the fuser command is used to determine what is making the filesystem busy
the output of the lsof command is the list of all open files on the operating system
the fuser command provides much more concise output and it will indicate if a file is open for writing
the -v option to the fuser command provides slightly more output
access codes-processes
c-it is using the mount point or a subdirectory as its current directory
e-it is using an executable file that resides the mount point structure
f-it uses an open file from the mount point structure
F-has an open file from the mount point structure that it is writing to
r-using the mount point as the root directory
m-process is a mmap'ed file or shared library
the /etc/fstab file is used to configure what filesystems will be mounted automatically at boot, activate swap devices
root privileges are required to make changes to the /etc/fstab file
to add comments to the file, start a line with # character
blkid command is used for a filesystem as an argument and it will provide information about a device
e2label command is used to set the volume label
first field is the device identifier
second field is the mount point
third field is the filesystem type
fourth extended filesystem-ext4
third extended filesystem-ext3
second extended filesystem-ext2
the reiser filesystem-reiserfs
extents filesystem-xfs
file allocation table-vfalt
ISO 9660-iso
Umiversal Disc Format-udf
the forth field in the /etc/fstab file is a comma separated list of the mount options