Notes

Benefits of genetically modified crops over the weeds

Wild plants could be given resistance to herbicides.

Weedy rice may take on transgenes from genetically modified crops through cross-pollination. Credit: Xiao Yang
It has been established that a genetic modification technique is extensively used to create crops that are herbicide-resistant confers advantages on the rice that is weedy. This suggests that the genetic modification could also have potential to affect wild animals.

A wide range of crop varieties have been genetically modified so that they become resistant to Roundup herbicide glyphosate. Farmers can eliminate most weeds in their fields using glyphosate without harming their crops due to this resistance.

Glyphosate slows the growth of plants by blocking an enzyme known as EPSP synthase, which is involved in the creation of specific amino acids as well as other molecules that comprise about 35% of the plant's mass. ラウンドアップ is used in, for instance, Roundup Ready plants made by Monsanto Biotechnology Inc., a biotech firm based out of St Louis, Missouri. ラウンドアップ involves inserting genes into the genome of a crop to increase EPSP synthase synthase synthase production. The genes are typically derived from bacteria infected with plants.

This additional EPSP synthase allows the plant to withstand the effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs have also attempted to make use of the genes of plants to boost EPSP-synthase levels, in part to exploit an American loophole that permits regulatory approval of transgenes not derived by bacterial pests.

http://www.lawrence.com/users/roundup33asqw220/ have explored the possibility that transgenes similar to those that confer glyphosate resistant can increase the competitiveness of plants for reproduction and even survival after they're introduced to weedy or wild relatives by cross-pollination. Norman Ellstrand is a University of California Riverside plant geneticist. "The expectation is that any kind of transgene will cause disadvantage in the wild in the absence of pressure to select, due to the fact that it reduces fitness," Ellstrand said.

ラウンドアップ from Fudan University in Shanghai is currently challenging this view. The study demonstrates that resistance to glyphosate even when applied to the weedy type of rice crop could provide a substantial health benefit.

Lu and coworkers modified the cultivars of rice to increase the production of EPSP synthase. The modified rice was then crossed with a wild-type relative.

The group then let the offspring of crossbreeding to cross-breed with each other to create second-generation hybrids. They were identical genetically with the exception of the amount of EPSP synthase genes they had. As https://coub.com/roundup11saod058 would expect, hybrids that had more copies of the gene had a higher chance to produce more tryptophan and have higher enzyme levels over their counterparts that were not modified.

Researchers also discovered that transgenic plants showed higher rates of photosynthesis, produced more flowers, and produced 48 to 125 percent fewer seeds per plant than non-transgenic hybrids. This was in spite of the fact that glyphosate was not present.

ラウンドアップ believes that making weedy aggressive rice more competitive could make it more difficult for farmers to recoup the damage caused by this pest.

Brian Ford-Lloyd of Brian Ford-Lloyd, a researcher at the University of Birmingham, UK Brian Ford-Lloyd, a researcher at the University of Birmingham in the "If the EPSP synthase gene is introduced to wild rice varieties, their genetic variety that was so important to conserve, may be endangered because it will beat out the conventional varieties." This is among the clearest examples of extremely likely negative effects of GM crop on the environment."

The general public believes that genetically modified plants that have more replicas of their own genes than those from microorganisms are safe. This is also challenged by this study. "Our study suggests that this isn't necessarily the case" Lu says. Lu.

Researchers say the findings call for an overhaul of the way that genetically modified crops will be regulated in the near future. "Some people are now suggesting that biosafety regulations can be relaxed because we have an incredibly high level of confidence with two decades of genetic engineering," says Ellstrand. This study isn't proof that new products are safe.


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