Notes

Genetically modified crops offer more benefits than herbicides

Wild plants might be resistant to herbicides.

Credit goes to Xiao Yang
Genetic modification of crops to make them resistant to herbicides has been widely employed to create advantages for the varieties of rice that are weedy. ラウンドアップ suggests that the benefits of this modification could extend beyond farms and out into the wild.

Many varieties of crops have been genetically engineered to resist the glyphosate. The herbicide, originally known as Roundup it was released to the market in 1996 under the trade name Roundup. This glyphosate resistance enables farmers to wipe out most plants without harming their crops.

Glyphosate blocks the enzyme EPSP synthase, which is responsible for the production of specific amino acids and other molecules. ラウンドアップ can hinder the growth of plants. Genetic modification, like the Roundup Ready crops manufactured by Monsanto in St. Louis, Missouri, involves inserting genes into the genetic code in order to increase EPSP production. ラウンドアップ come from bacteria that has affected the plants.

The extra EPSP synthase helps the plant withstand the effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs have also attempted to utilize plants' genes instead of bacteria to boost EPSP-synthase production, in part to exploit the loophole within US law that permits regulatory approval of organisms carrying transgenes not made from bacterial pests.

There aren't many studies that have looked into the possibility that transgenes similar to those which confer glyphosate resistance can make plants more competitive for reproduction and even survival after they're introduced to weedy or wild relatives through cross-pollination. Norman Ellstrand, a University of California plant geneticist claims that, in the absence of competition, any type of transgene could be expected to create disadvantages in wild plants. The additional machinery could decrease fitness.

https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf of Fudan University in Shanghai is in the process of challenging this notion. The study demonstrates that glyphosate resistance , even when it is not applied to a weedy variety of the rice crop can provide a significant health boost.

Lu and his colleagues modified the cultivars of rice to increase the production of EPSP synthase. They also crossed the modified rice with a weedy-related. Their work was published in NewPhytologist 1..

The team then allowed the offspring of cross-breeding to be bred together to produce second-generation hybrids. They were genetically identical with the exception of the copy count and number of the EPSP synthase gene. As expected, the ones with more copies of the gene had greater levels of enzymes and produced an increased amount of amino acid tryptophan when compared to their unmodified counterparts.

The researchers also found that transgenic hybrids have greater rates of photosynthesis, grew more shoots and flowers and produced 48-125percent more seeds per plant than non-transgenic hybrids -with or without glyphosate.

Lu believes making weedy, aggressive rice more competitive could hinder farmers to recover from the harm caused by this bug.

"If the EPSP-synthase genes are introduced in the wild rice plant, their genetic diversity, which is important to conserve may be at risk as the genotype with the transgene would outcompete the normal species," says Brian Ford-Lloyd, a plant geneticist at the University of Birmingham, UK. "This is an example of the very real negative consequences [of GM plantson the surroundings."

The public has a perception that genetically engineered crops with additional copies of microorganisms' genes are more secure than those that only contain their own genes. " ラウンドアップ proves that this isn't necessarily the case," Lu says. Lu.

According to some researchers, the finding suggests that any future regulation for genetically engineered plants should be reconsidered. Ellstrand states "Some people believe that biosafety regulation should be relaxed." Ellstrand says: The study showed that new products should be carefully evaluated.


Here's my website: https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf