Notes

Benefits of genetically modified crops over the weeds

In the wild, herbicide resistance might confer an advantage to plants.

Credit goes to Xiao Yang
It has been proven that a genetic modification technique is extensively used to make crops resistant to herbicides, confers advantages on an invasive variety of rice. The results suggest that this modification may be able to be beneficial to wild rice varieties as well as crops.

A variety of crops have been genetically modified to resist the herbicide glyphosate. It was initially advertised under the trade name Roundup. ラウンドアップ can eradicate most the weeds that grow in their fields by using this glyphosate resistance , without damaging their crops.

Glyphosate acts as an inhibitor of the growth of plants. It inhibits an enzyme called EPSP synthase. https://www.komeri.com/disp/CKmSfGoodsPageMain_001.jsp?GOODS_NO=1713321 is responsible for the production of certain amino acids and other molecules. ラウンドアップ can be responsible for as much as 35% of a plant's mass. ラウンドアップ , like the Roundup Ready crops manufactured by Monsanto in St. Louis, Missouri, involves inserting genes to a crop's genetic code in order to increase EPSP production. The genes are usually derived from bacteria that infect the plants.

The added EPSP synthase lets the plant withstand the effects of glyphosate. Biotechnology labs have also attempted to make EPSP-synthase more plant-based than bacteria by utilizing genes from plants. This was made to make use of a loophole found in US law which allows the approval of regulatory authorities for organisms that aren't derived from bacteria or parasites.

There aren't many studies that have examined whether transgenes that confer glyphosate tolerance could -- after they become weedy , or wild relatives by cross-pollinatingenhance the plant's survival and reproduce. Norman Ellstrand of the University of California, Riverside, explained that the standard assumption was that any transgene would be detrimental to nature if there was no selection pressure. This is due to the fact that any additional machines would reduce the performance of the.

However, a new study conducted by Lu Baorong, an ecologist from Fudan University in Shanghai, is challenging that notion: it shows that the weedy variant of the standard rice crop, Oryza sativa, gets a significant fitness boost from glyphosate resistance, even when glyphosate is not used.

Lu and colleagues modified cultivars of rice to increase its EPSP synthase. The modified rice was then crossed with a wild-type relative.

ラウンドアップ let the offspring of crossbreeding to cross-breed with each other to create second generation hybrids. They were genetically identical apart from the number of EPSP synthase genes they carried. As expected, the ones with more copies had greater levels of enzymes and produced more amino acid tryptophan when compared to their unmodified counterparts.

https://auctions.yahoo.co.jp/search/search?rkf=2&p=%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97&aucmaxprice=999999999&thumb=1&s1=score2&o1=a&isdd=1&ei=utf-8&fixed=3&nockie=1&isnext=1&ex_cat=2084006160,2084008038,2084034075&rewrite_ok_wand_re_search=1 discovered that the hybrids with transgenic genes had greater rates of photosynthesis, produced more flowers and shoots and produced 48-125percent more seeds per plant than non-transgenic hybridswith or without glyphosate.

Lu says that making weedy grains more competitive could create more difficulties for farmers across the world whose crops are infected by the insect.

Brian Ford Lloyd, a UK plant scientist, said that the EPSP Synthase gene could get in wild rice varieties. This would threaten the genetic diversity of their species, which is vital. "This is a clear illustration of the highly plausible negative impacts of GM plantson our surroundings."

The study also challenges the idea that genetically modified crops containing more copies of their genes are safer than those containing microorganism genes. "Our study shows that this is not necessarily the case," Lu says. Lu.

According to some research, the finding suggests that the future regulation of genetically engineered plants should be reviewed. Ellstrand thinks that biosafety regulations could be relaxed as we are able to have a great level of security from two decades of genetic engineering. "But the study proved that novel products still require careful evaluation."


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