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Calcutta is the shock city of Empire, European expansion, and colonization as it provided the model of resource extraction and the subjugation of both the indigenous human and natural environment.

Calcutta relates Europe and what they had already learned from other shock cities on the continent previously and were using Calcutta as one of the first laboratories where they asked the questions "Can we get this right? Can we bring order to these indigenous lands and peoples or is urban life doomed to congestion and misery and the endless desire to - make money - wander without ever finding."

Background:
• Evolving City in the 1920's
• Not a Great Tourist City
• Overcrowding due to geography (Swamp/Neighboring Town)
• Limited Growth b/c of the swamp to the south and east, Another town to the North and West
• Main River (Hugli)
• Viable suburb system
• Port is the oldest operating in India
• Strong European Influence
• British Transport/Hybrid city
Commerce
• overcrowding b/c of the commerce
• people are naturally drawn to power and wealth
• Without commerce you don't have Calcutta
• People brought their goods to Calcutta to sell and when the items sold they sold at a premium price vs. prices in "local" markets.
Infrastructure
• Storm drains to defeat monsoons vs. Haussmann and his sewers
European Comparison: London and Paris (ch. 3) Diacatomy btw its importance in Europe vs importance in the Empire
• The Maidan - Lungs of the City
• Tiergarten (Berlin)
• Bois de Boulogne (Paris)
• Hong Kong vs. Calcutta (Secondary Sources)
Role as a shock city of Empire: Calcutta is as important to the British empire abroad as London is important to the British empire at home.
• Comparison to Paris and London
• Second City of the British Empire
• Example of Resources: ○ Rice, ○ Cotton, ○ Spices, ○ Agriculture
• Extraction and Subduing the tropical environment
European Expansion:
Colonization:
Model of Resource Extraction:
Subjugation of Indigenous Humans and Natural Environment:
Social Hierarchy:
• Whites held the vast majority of the wealth
• They dangled the carrot in front of Indians - look this is what you can achieve
• People on the top had transitioned from indigenous Indians to the Europeans and created Gradations in the social heirachy.
• Pyramidal column which was derived from the hierarchy of Hindu society
• To make sure that the population didn't rise up and revolt, they, the Europeans, allowed the Indians entrance to their "boys club"-Kinda

Key to the jewel of China and their goods

CHAPTERS FOR CLASS TO READ: 20 pgs
Chapter 1: Birth of Calcutta (4)
Chapter 4: Back Door (5)
Chapter 6: The Maidan (5)
Chapter 20: The Monsoon (3)
Chapter 22: Hard of Change (3)

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