Notes

Nad may be effective in improving the fertility of older women.
PQQ (Pyrroloquinoline quinone),

"The fertility rate of women began to decline at the age of 30 and accelerated after the age of 35. The incidence of infertility and abortion increased. Even if the fetus was born smoothly, the risk of congenital defects was higher than that of ordinary infants." Professor Xiong Bao of Nanjing Agricultural University put forward methods to improve egg quality and potential strategies to improve the fertility of elderly women through animal experiments. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) supplementation in vivo can effectively improve the quality of oocytes of aged female rats.
The research paper was published in the latest issue of cell communication in August.
High quality oocytes are the premise of successful fertilization, but in many mammals, the number and quality of follicles and oocytes gradually decline with age. The decline of fertility in elderly women is related to the decline of oocyte quality.
The researchers compared the ovaries of 16 month old women with those of 2-month-old young women. The results showed that the number of mature follicles decreased and the morphology of oocytes was incomplete in elderly women. This series of changes eventually led to the decline of fertility in elderly mice. In this regard, the research group summarized its experience and put forward the idea of "improving oocyte quality by supplementing nad".
After that, the researchers treated with nad for 10 days. The number of ovulation in elderly women increased and the morphology of oocytes returned to normal. (William Shakespeare, northern exposure (American Drama), female) on the other hand, in vitro fertilization experiments show that the binding ability between oocytes and sperm is improved after nad supplementation. These phenomena mean that the reproductive ability of aged mice is improved and the probability of pregnancy is increased.
Old mouse oocytes are like "old appliances", with more than one faulty part. Nad is like an experienced mechanic. After a few years, he can use the equipment scheduled to be scrapped. (William Shakespeare's northern exposure (American Drama)) explains from the perspective of molecular mechanism: "nad supplementation can reduce mitochondrial dysfunction, eliminate harmful substances in time, maintain normal chromosome structure, reduce the probability of DNA damage and gene mutation, and restore cell division ability."
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