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閱讀下文後,回答下列問題。
    聲波的介紹
  聲音的產生主要是因為物體的振動,物體振動會產生一種波,稱為「聲波」。聲波具有能量,可以藉由空氣或其他物質向外傳送出去,像這種可以傳遞聲波的物質,稱為「介質」。聲波一定要有介質才能傳遞出去,所以我們聽見的聲音是依靠介質才能傳遞過來的。
  一般來說,我們把聲音的高低(音調)、大小(響度)、音色,稱為聲音三要素。所以聲音除了有高低音之外,還有強弱及音色的差別。
  聲音的高低是由振動的頻率來決定,頻率越高,聲音就越尖銳。女孩子的發聲頻率通常就比男孩子來得高。我們用赫茲(Hz)來表示聲音的音調高低,一般人可以聽見20~20000Hz之間的聲音,超過或低於這個範圍的聲音就較不可能傳遞到我們耳朵中了。
  聲音的大小是由聲波的振動幅度(振幅)來決定,振幅越大,聲波的能量越高,聲音也越大聲。一般我們用分貝(dB)來表示聲音的響度大小。音色的差別主要在於聆聽起來的感覺不同,而音色是受到聲波波形的影響,我們可以從音樂演奏中分辨出是不同樂器發出的聲音,就是因為每種樂器都有它獨特的發音波形。

1.
劉禹錫在練習「音準訓練」(彈奏單音,藉以練習音準)的過程中,突然聽見下人來稟:「皇上駕崩」,因而大吃一驚,使得彈琴的力度大增。根據本文可知,劉禹錫用力過猛的那一下,會改變此波的哪一部分? 
(A) 波長  
(B) 介質  
(C) 振幅  
(D) 頻率。  

2.
在某座唐墓的考古發掘中,發現了劉禹錫寫給墓主的書信,信中有一段敘述:「五月既望,彈琴家中,忽見窗外掠影,大驚!秉燭起身,立於窗前,除蔓草外,不見他物。復歸座,忽有一貓,攫地而起,乃大驚,燭傾燈滅,弦遂為燭油所汙。彈之,聲嗚嗚然,怪哉?清響之音,何以變哉?」根據本文可知,關於信中劉禹錫的疑問,是因為聲波的哪項性質改變了? 
(A) 波形  
(B) 波長  
(C) 頻率  
(D) 振幅。  

Ans:CB
     
 
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