Notes

The biology to type 2 diabetes:
COPY:The tissue cells of the muscle, fat, and liver are designed to take glucose (sugar) out of the blood, pull it into the cells and change it into energy. These cells require insulin to absorb glucose. When these cells fail to respond adequately to circulating insulin, these cells lose their sensitivity to insulin (a condition known as insulin resistance) and blood glucose levels rise. The body responds to this situation by signaling the pancreas to produce more insulin, causing insulin levels in the blood to become too high. This condition is known as hyperinsulinemia. The cells in the liver also become insulin resistant and respond by making too much blood sugar. Because blood sugar is not absorbed by the cells, it stays in the blood, causing blood sugar levels to rise — a condition known as hyperglycemia. Red blood cells are damaged due to the high glucose levels, as sugar molecules are appended to the exterior part of the red blood cells, forming a crystalline (coarse) crust. These coarse red blood cells cause damage throughout the circulatory system, damaging arteries and capillaries. This damage is repaired by the cholesterol produced by the liver, leading to arterial plaque formation -- all triggered by an inflammatory response. These coarse red blood cells cause greater damage in dense capillary areas such as the hands and feet, and fragile capillaries such as those that feed the kidneys and eyes. All of this leads to diabetic complications that can lead to blindness, kidney failure, amputation, heart attack and stroke. Other health issues include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high inflammation markers, periodontal disease, and erectile dysfunction.