Notes

#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>

using namespace std;

int nScreenWidth = 80;
int nScreenHeight = 30;

const int nMaxDepth = 5;

class Rubik {
public:
wchar_t cCube[6*3*3];

Rubik() : cCube{
L'W',L'W',L'W',L'W',L'W',L'W',L'W',L'W',L'W',
L'G',L'G',L'G',L'G',L'G',L'G',L'G',L'G',L'G',
L'R',L'R',L'R',L'R',L'R',L'R',L'R',L'R',L'R',
L'B',L'B',L'B',L'B',L'B',L'B',L'B',L'B',L'B',
L'O',L'O',L'O',L'O',L'O',L'O',L'O',L'O',L'O',
L'Y',L'Y',L'Y',L'Y',L'Y',L'Y',L'Y',L'Y',L'Y'
}
{}

void exchange(int i1, int i2)
{
wchar_t temp = cCube[i1-1];
cCube[i1-1] = cCube[i2-1];
cCube[i2-1] = temp;
}

void rotateCW(int first)
{
int i = first - 1;

wchar_t temp = cCube[i + 2];
cCube[i + 2] = cCube[i];
wchar_t temp2 = cCube[i + 8];
cCube[i + 8] = temp;
temp = cCube[i + 6];
cCube[i + 6] = temp2;
cCube[i] = temp;

temp = cCube[i + 5];
cCube[i + 5] = cCube[i + 1];
temp2 = cCube[i + 7];
cCube[i + 7] = temp;
temp = cCube[i + 3];
cCube[i + 3] = temp2;
cCube[i + 1] = temp;
}

void F()
{
// Side cubelets
exchange(12, 9); exchange(15, 8); exchange(18, 7);
exchange(12, 46); exchange(15, 47); exchange(18, 48);
exchange(34, 46); exchange(31, 47); exchange(28, 48);

// Rotation
rotateCW(19);
}

void R()
{
// Side cubelets
exchange(43, 3); exchange(40, 6); exchange(37, 9);
exchange(21, 3); exchange(24, 6); exchange(27, 9);
exchange(21, 48); exchange(24, 51); exchange(27, 54);

// Rotation
rotateCW(28);
}

void U()
{
// Side cubelets
exchange(10, 19); exchange(11, 20); exchange(12, 21);
exchange(28, 19); exchange(29, 20); exchange(30, 21);
exchange(28, 37); exchange(29, 38); exchange(30, 39);

// Rotation
rotateCW(1);
}

void B()
{
// Side cubelets
exchange(10, 3); exchange(13, 2); exchange(16, 1);
exchange(36, 3); exchange(33, 2); exchange(30, 1);
exchange(36, 52); exchange(33, 53); exchange(30, 54);

// Rotation
rotateCW(37);
}

void L()
{
// Side cubelets
exchange(39, 52); exchange(42, 49); exchange(45, 46);
exchange(25, 52); exchange(22, 49); exchange(19, 46);
exchange(25, 7); exchange(22, 4); exchange(19, 1);

// Rotation
rotateCW(10);
}

void D()
{
// Side cubelets
exchange(16, 43); exchange(17, 44); exchange(18, 45);
exchange(34, 43); exchange(35, 44); exchange(36, 45);
exchange(34, 25); exchange(35, 26); exchange(36, 27);

// Rotation
rotateCW(46);
}

bool validate() {

for (int i = 0; i < 54; i += 9)
{
wchar_t temp = cCube[i];

for (int j = 1; j < 9; j++)
{
if (temp != cCube[i + j])
return false;;
}
}

return true;
}

void fillScreen(wchar_t* screen)
{
for (int x = 0; x < nScreenWidth; x++)
for (int y = 0; y < nScreenHeight; y++)
{
if (x >= 5 && x < 8)
{
if (y >= 9 && y < 12)
{
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = cCube[(y - 9 + 3) * 3 + (x - 5)];
}
}

else if (x >= 9 && x < 12)
{
if (y >= 5 && y < 8)
{
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = cCube[(y - 5) * 3 + (x - 9)];
}
else if (y >= 9 && y < 12)
{
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = cCube[(y - 5) * 3 + (x - 3)];
}
else if (y >= 13 && y < 16)
{
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = cCube[(y - 0) * 3 + (x - 3)];
}
}

else if (x >= 13 && x < 16)
{
if (y >= 9 && y < 12)
{
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = cCube[(y - 3) * 3 + (x - 4)];
}
}

else if (x >= 17 && x < 20)
{
if (y >= 9 && y < 12)
{
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = cCube[(y - 1) * 3 + (x - 5)];
}
}

else
screen[y * nScreenWidth + x] = L' ';
}
}
};

int main()
{
Rubik cube;

// Create screen buffer
wchar_t* screen = new wchar_t[nScreenWidth * nScreenHeight];
for (int i = 0; i < nScreenWidth * nScreenHeight; i++) screen[i] = L' ';
HANDLE hConsole = CreateConsoleScreenBuffer(GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CONSOLE_TEXTMODE_BUFFER, NULL);
SetConsoleActiveScreenBuffer(hConsole);
DWORD dwBytesWritten = 0;

// Shuffle the cube
cube.F(); cube.F(); cube.F();
cube.fillScreen(screen);


// Write to screen buffer
WriteConsoleOutputCharacter(hConsole, screen, nScreenWidth * nScreenHeight, { 0, 0 }, &dwBytesWritten);

if (cube.validate())
return 1;

int nMoves[nMaxDepth] = { };
int nCurrent = 0;
bool bFoundSolution = false;
bool bSearchEnd = false;

while (!bFoundSolution)
{
int move = nMoves[nCurrent] / 6;
int rotation = nMoves[nCurrent] % 3;

switch (move)
{
case 0: cube.F(); break;
case 1: cube.R(); break;
case 2: cube.U(); break;
case 3: cube.B(); break;
case 4: cube.L(); break;
case 5: cube.D(); break;
}

if (cube.validate())
goto end;

if (nCurrent < nMaxDepth - 1)
{
nMoves[nCurrent]++;
nCurrent++;
}
else
{
if (nMoves[nCurrent] == 17)
{
nMoves[nCurrent] = 0;
nCurrent--;
}
else
{

}
}

}

while (!bFoundSolution && !bSearchEnd)
{
int move = nMoves[nCurrent] / 6;
int rotation = nMoves[nCurrent] % 3;

switch (move)
{
case 0: cube.F(); break;
case 1: cube.R(); break;
case 2: cube.U(); break;
case 3: cube.B(); break;
case 4: cube.L(); break;
case 5: cube.D(); break;
}

if (cube.validate())
goto end;

if (nCurrent < nMaxDepth - 1)
{
nMoves[nCurrent]++;
nCurrent++;
}
else
{
if (nMoves[nCurrent] == 17)
{
nMoves[nCurrent] = 0;
nCurrent--;
}
else
{

}
}

}

end: screen[0] = L'!';
WriteConsoleOutputCharacter(hConsole, screen, nScreenWidth * nScreenHeight, { 0, 0 }, &dwBytesWritten);

return 0;
}