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repeat DNA units could vary in size
Informational RNA are translated into protein
Functional RNA already has a function and does not need to be translated into proteins
scRNAs remove introns to exons can come together
excised- cut out
primary transcript (pre-mRNA) mature transcript (mRNA)
promoter help initiate translation but promoters and UTR not tested
RNA is single stranded!!; RNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to the template strand at the 3' end
Ends of RNA are very fragile so capping and poly(A) tail protect them
GU-AG have 100% freq occurrence bc universal in all RNA's
Prokaryote: transcription and translation continuous process bc no nucleus
Eukaryote: compartmentalization of transcription and translation
Transcription occurs in nucleus and translation occurs in cytoplasm
mRNA made of triple codons (three nucleotides in a codon)
Nonoverlapping: no repeat of same amino acid
ORF: open reading frame
clover leaf shape: the tRNA; codon on mRNA matches anticodon on tRNA
When looking at multiple codon with same amino acid: only the last nucleotide in codon can vary; amino acid binded to top of tRNA
tRNA won't do not have the wobble (but can wobble pair) only mRNA can
each amino acid usually has 4 different codons
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