Notes

Keyboard:

Configurable:
Arrows up & down: tilt the aircraft
Arrow left & right: roll the aircraft (mixed with yaw by default but can be configured)
<Enter> to re-center keyboard control input
< & >: steer the aircraft (Yaw) (only effective when roll/yaw mixing is disabled)
+ & - (or PgUp & PgDn): Increase or decrease throttle
[: lower the flaps one step (when available)
]: raise the flaps one step (when available)
Home/End: increase/decrease elevator trim
<Delete>: Reset elevator trim
G: raise or lower the landing gear (when available)
B: extend/retract air-brakes (when available)
E: start/stop engine
<Space bar>: brakes
<;>: Engage/Disengage parking brake
You can configure the keyboard sensitivity from the "option" panel.
Fixed:
0 to 9: Directly set throttle by 10% steps
A: Toggle autopilot
C: cycle camera mode
N: open navigation panel (map)
O: open option panel
<Tab>: fly to camera location (in free camera mode)
P: Pause the simulation
S: mute/un-mute sound
K: set controls mode to "Keyboard"
M: set controls mode to "Mouse"
J: set controls mode to "Joystick"
T: to start typing a chat message
H: to hide/show the HUD (indicators)
Mouse:

Mouse acts as a Joystick
push/pull for tilt
left/right for roll (mixed with yaw by default but can be configured)
You can configure the mouse (sensitivity, exponential) from the "option" panel.
All other keyboard controls (except for arrows) are the same
Joystick:

Note: see how to enable the joystick.
Joystick axis and button are by set by default
If available, yaw is set on twist axis
You can reconfigure every axis and buttons of the joystick from the "option" panel.
All other keyboard controls are the same
Flying helicopters:

Helicopters are by definition much more difficult to fly than airplanes. The basic principle is to play with collective pitch (going up and down), cyclic pitch (going forward, backward, right and left) and anti-torque control (rotation/yaw). By default, mouse and keyboard controls are mixing roll and yaw (aileron and rudder). This has to be disabled (in configuration panel) in order to properly fly the helicopter. Idealy, you would have to use a joystick to be accurate enough with the helicopter but the mouse should be enough for a start. In GEFS, the collective pitch is controled using the same input as the throttle for airplanes: if you press '+' several times, the helicopter will lift-off, if you press '-' it will go down. Cyclic pitch can be controled using the arrow keys or the mouse. When roll/yaw mixing is disabled, use the rudder keys (default are keys A & D) for the anti-torque (yaw). The rest is just practice and finesse.