Notes

MAPEH Q1 W1

evolution of music
1. MEDIEVAL PERIOD 500-1500
- early medieval (500-1000AD) - known for early churches. they perform GREGORIAN CHANT as their official liturgy aka ritual/ceremony/worship.
---GENERAL CHARAC OF early medieval - monophonic, modal, free meter, Latin liturgy or Latin language, neume notation=old notation
- high medieval (1100-1300AD) - Christian church became dominant. western culture was refined
---GENERAL CHARAC OF high medieval -
- late middle ages (1300-1500AD) - sacred(church) began to be overshadowed by secular(not church) music such as ballade and rondeau.
---GENERAL CHARAC OF high medieval - polyphonic

composers that made exemplary contributions to the music during this era.
a. adame de la halle - born sometime around 1237 and died 1288 or after 1306. he is a french poet, musician, and trouvere.
----le jeu de robin et merion - quadruple, fast, mezzo forte, tenor, bright and lush, major. feels different compared to the previous eras

2. RENAISSANCE 1400-1600
rebirth, revival and rediscovery. Lute, prominent instrument. time for artistic growth, cultural awakening, great intellectual achievement, scientific dic.
golden age of a Capella choral music. keyboard instruments as well as stringed were developed
---GENERAL CHARAC OF RENAISSANCE - polyphonic, word paintings, imitation of voices, melodic lines move in flowing manner, easier melodies.
MASS = from of sacred musical composition that sets texts of eucharistic liturgy into music
-- can be performed without accompaniment a.k.a. acapella
-- choral composition that sets consitent parts of eucharistic liturgy.
-----5 parts of the mass: kyrie, gloria, credo, sanctus and benedictus, agnus dei.
MADRIGAL = secular vocal polyphonic music composition from italy
-- polyphonic, acapella, through composed, 3 to 6 voices

composers that made exemplary contributions to the music during this era.
a. giovani perluigi da palestrina - born february 1525 and 1526 near rome, than part of papal states, italy. pope marcellus mass. savior of church music for the reforms of council of trent.
----pope marcellus mass -
b thomas morley - 1557 to 1602, 1588, music degree from oxford and took the position of organist at st giles, cripplegate. in 1591 he is the organist of st paul's, joining the chapel royal the following year.
----fire fire my heart - homophony, mezzo forte, high, major, moderate speed.

3. BAROQUE 1685-1750
derived from the word barocco which means pearl shape. major and minor tonality
---GENERAL CHARAC OF BAROQUE - melodies sound elaborate and ornamental. not easy to remember. alteration between loud and soft. operas oratorios, suites, tocatos, concerto Grosso, fugue. orchestra consists of strings and continuo. harpischord and organ are the keyboard instruments that are commonly used New forms BINARY, TERNARY, GROUND BASS, FUGUE.

concerto - solo instrument accompanied by an orchestra
concerto grosso - group of solo instrument(concertino) accompanied by whole orchestra(tutti)
fugue - imitative counterpart. 3-4 parts of subject
oratorio - large scale musical composition for orchestra and voices
chorale - musical composition, harmonized version of hymnal tunes of protestant church

composers that made exemplary contributions to the music during this era.
a. johann sebastian bach - german, born on marc 21, 1685. died july 28 1750. he was tought to play violin by his father
----fugue in d minor - duple meter, slow, minor, polyphonic.
b. antonio vivaldi - aka red priest, was an italian baroque composer, catholic priest and a virtuoso violinist, known for composing instrumental
----the four seasons - duple, homophonic, birght and lush, pitch is high, major, fast. VIOLIN FOR BIRDS = DOUBLE BASS FOR THUNDERSTROMS
b george friederich handel - second son from the second marriage of a pastor. george secretly taught himself to play harpischord,
----the messiah - forte, parts of homophonic and polyphonic, vocal.