Notes

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STRENGTHS
- involves the locals in decision making by enlisting the residents in discussions about tourism-related decisions about their own community.
- Increase in tourism-related employment and business for locals.
- Because community-based tourism makes locals a priority when it comes to businesses and employment. Locals get employed as tour guides

LIMITATIONS
- difficulty in obtaining external funding especially for the disadvantaged ones, they can face funding problems when setting up businesses
- Shortage of skilled labour as they have insufficient skilled labour like managers to manage the impact of tourism
- communities may need to seek help from other organisations to provide skilled labour or training


Strengths
- Funds conservation and preservation. Visitor spending can act as funding to help conservation efforts and can also be used to maintain tourist attractions i.e entrance fees
- Provide income for locals through employment and businesses. Tour guides, waiters are jobs locals can easily fill and are jobs tourists need the services from. They also provide opportunities for locals to set up businesses like tour companies
- Raise awareness to conserve and preserve attractions. When they visit, visitors will realise the value of conserving and raise awareness at homeby sharing their experience through word of mouth.

Limitations
- They can damage tourist attractions through irresponsible behaviours that damaged the environment, for example, vandalism and littering. Also, sometimes the sheer number of visitors can damage a site with their collective footsteps and noise.
- Dilute locals customs and culture. When dancers deliberately pose for cameras and some rituals are shortened for the tourists and the place loses its original identity, it is severe whenever tourists outnumber locals in a certain area and commercial activities mainly focus on catering to tourists.

Strengths
- They can provide job opportunities for the locals as tour guides
- They can help raise awareness about conserving the area they operate in
- They can give feedback to the planning authorities to plan tourism management strategies as well as help to regulate tourist behaviour.


Strengths
- It provides feedback on tourist attractions. Tour guides can offer valuable feedback about the social and environmental conditions of an attraction. This helps planning authorities and local communities to better plan for management strategies in a tourist attraction.
- Regulate tourists behaviour. Because they have in-person contact with tourists and spend a large time with them. Hence, they are in the best position to regulate tourists behaviour. For example, they can prevent them from littering and control their noise level.
- Tour operators have the incentive to maintain the quality of the attraction as it is their source of income.

Limitations
- Because they need money to survive as a business.


Strengths
- Facilitates communication between various stakeholders. They act as channels of communication between stakeholders, for example, tour operators and planning authorities. They also encourage local communities to actively participate in managing the impact of tourism.
- Support various stakeholders in managing the impact of tourism, it can come in the form of additional manpower or expertise.

Limitations
- Since they are Non-profit organisations, they rely on donations to function. Hence, their efforts can be hampered by the lack of financial resources.


They can greatly influence the future quality of environments by determining the number of visitors a site can cope with and allocating space for infrastructures like roads and hotels. For example, Singapore Tourism Board (STB) ensures that it attracts tourists to Singapore and also take into account the need to conserve national heritage. They have tried to enhance ethnic districts such as Chinatown and Little India. This way they have a greater appreciation for Singapore's rich heritage. This is the most important group in ensuring tourist areas are well-protected they should also consider locals sensitivities while maintaining the physical and social-cultural conditions.

They are the first to enforce rules, regulations and principles for sustainable tourism while discussing with the industry and community.

- Develop and maintain infrastructure and attractions. They often successfully plan, fund, develop and maintain infrastructure that helps to manage tourism's impact.
- Draft laws and policies. For example, planning authorities can craft laws that limit the number of visitors to an attraction.
- Work with other government agencies. As they are part of the government and can cooperate easily with other government agencies to manage the impacts of tourism. They are also able to utilise a range of government resources

Limitations
- Difficult to plan for unforeseen factors. Sometimes well-planned programmes could fail due to unforeseen factors. These include natural disasters or the general lack of interest from the public
- Opposing stakeholders. Other stakeholders may oppose the management strategies of the planning authorities. For example, these strategies can affect their livelihood or they may think that there is a different way to approach the problem. Strategies have little impact without cooperation from these stakeholders.

2 20 - 4 50
starvation and lower productivity