Notes

Snack Meals Extruder Machine
No. 2,928,821 describes a technique of producing a protein-lipid complex from vegetable material. Chayen states that the preferred temperature of the liquid fed into the hammermill is about 45°-55° F. The comminution can happen beneath atmospheric stress, or in the presence of a vacuum to withdraw the volatile components responsive for the beany flavor of soy bean products.
The temperature of the extraction resolution is no much less than 180° F, and preferably near boiling, i.e., about 205° F. Temperatures close to boiling serve to destroy the lipoxidase and other warmth labile anti-nutritional components in the oilseed and also drive off volatile components liable for the beany flavor of soy beans. A course of as claimed in claim 38 wherein the acidic resolution incorporates hydrochloric acid.
The functions of the soaking are to maximise the amount of the dietary components extracted from the oilseed feed, to destroy anti-nutritional factors corresponding to anti-trypsin in the seed materials, and to destroy lipoxidase. If soaking times lower than about 1 minute are used, the yield tends to decrease and there might be insufficient destruction of the lipoxidase. If soaking occasions higher than about 20 minutes are used the product tends to develop an off taste from hydrolysis of the lipids. Also, larger soaking instances require increased capital for bigger quantity soaking tools.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION I even have now invented a process for producing an edible extract from oilseeds with the above features. The course of is significantly passable when whole soy beans or whole peanuts are the source seed materials. A course of as claimed in claim 38 wherein the comminuted oilseed is soaked within the extraction resolution for from about three to about 7 minutes. A process as claimed in declare 42 comprising the extra step of dehulling the soy beans before comminuting.
The preferred equipment for comminution is a hammermill, which has been proven to satisfactorily produce a fantastic grind of oilseed within the presence of the extraction resolution. An added benefit of a hammermill is that it tends to aerate the extraction answer. To overcome the disadvantages of hydrocarbon solvent extraction methods researchers have developed water extraction techniques. Chayen, in U.S. Pat.
A process as claimed in declare 17 wherein the step of clarifying contains the step of centrifuging. A course of as claimed in claim 17 whereby the extraction resolution temperature is a minimum of about 205° F. A course of as claimed in claim 17 whereby the oilseed is soy beans. A process as claimed in declare 1 wherein the step of clarifying comprising the step of centrifuging.
However, there are residual extractible lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in the sludge. Therefore snack machine of the overall process can be improved by recycling a portion of the sludge to the comminution stage 10 or, as proven within the drawing, to the extraction stage 12 for additional extraction. A full fats, steady meals material derived from oilseeds is ready by comminuting oilseeds within the presence of a hot alkaline extraction answer, after which allowing the comminuted seeds to soak within the solution. After neutralizing the answer, the extract is clarified and heated to destroy anti-nutritional components, concentrated, and spray dried. Nearly all the soluble portion of the soy bean is recovered, with primarily only the fiber being discarded.
A process as claimed in claim 38 comprising the extra step of instantizing the powder. A course of as claimed in claim 17 whereby the extraction resolution contains sodium hydroxide. A process as claimed in claim 17 comprising the additional step of instantizing the powder. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the extraction solution accommodates sodium hydroxide. A process as claimed in claim three comprising the additional step of instantizing the powder.
A process as claimed in claim 1 whereby the extraction solution temperature is a minimal of about 205° F. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the oilseed is soy beans. If a product in a powder form is desired, the clear extract from the cooling stage 18 could be sent to the focus stage 20 and the spray drying stage 22. When the powder is intended to be used with liquids, it may be instantized within the instantizing stage 24. The extract is then cooled within the cooling stage 18 to prevent degradation of the seed material extracts.
Generally, the upper the pH of the extraction solution and thus the oilseed/extract answer mixture, the higher the yields obtained from the oilseed. For instance, the yield will increase from about 61 to about 85% as the pH of the oilseed/extraction resolution combination is increased from about 7 to about 11 when soy beans are used because the oilseed feed. However, at a pH of about eleven of the oilseed/extraction solution combination, the resultant product has a slight sulfide odor. Thus, the extraction solution is proscribed to having a pH as much as about 13, and more preferably as much as about eleven. Preferably the extraction solution has a sufficiently excessive pH of at least about 9.5 to yield an oilseed/extraction solution mixture having a pH from about eight to about 10, and more ideally from about 8.5 to about 9.
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