Notes

Outrage over Adams’s policies led to a highly contested presidential election in 1800. Adams ran against Jefferson but the two highest rate getters were Jefferson and his running mate, Aaron Burr. The election was a tie, so the result was decided by the Federalist Congress, who voted according to Hamilton’s choice of Thomas Jefferson.
Jefferson planned to expand the United States to the West but needed more land. He ended up purchasing Louisiana from Napoleon for 15 million dollars. This purchase doubled the size of the United States.
The election of Jefferson led to Republicans’ long-term success. Federalists did not lose all their political power however. Many Federalists were appointed to judicial positions, so they would have a long-term influence on the political developments of the young nation.
John Marshall served as chief justice and his decisions on many cases helped shape judicial power in the system of checks and balances.
The democratic ideas of the Republicans led to the failed Gabriel’s Rebellion in Virginia. This failed slave rebellion led to a loss of rights for slaves as owners tightened control to prevent rebellion again.