Notes

T-Shirts - Common Terms Explained
T-shirt manufacturers use many terms to describe their products. The terms aren't always consistent and it helps to have a reference guide.

The following may be the official Green Man T-Shirts Guide to understanding t-shirt terms:

20s, 20/1, 20s single: Unit of measurement that defines the fineness of cotton thread. A typical spool of single-ply cotton thread is comprised of 840 yards of cotton thread. If it takes 20 spools to weigh one pound, then the thread on those spools is known as 20s cotton, or 20/1. If 30 spools weigh one pound, then your thread on those spools is known as 30s cotton thread, or 30/1. If it requires 40 spools to weigh one pound, then the thread on those spools is referred to as 40s cotton, or 40/1. The higher number means a finer thread, and thus a finer, softer fabric is created. T-shirts made of 30s and 40s are softer, finer, and have better drape than t-shirts manufactured from 20s. The terms are used many ways, but it's the number that matters; "20s," "20/1," and "20 singles" are the same. Threads could be twisted together into thicker strands. If two 20/1 cotton threads were twisted together, it might be referred to as 20/2.

Bamboo Fabric: Rayon created from bamboo cellulose. Although rayon is a man-made synthetic material, most industry experts agree it really is readily biodegradable. Bamboo fabric is incredibly soft and has excellent drape.

Bamboo: Fast growing plant, classified as a grass, that may be readily processed into rayon to make bamboo rayon clothing.

Bleach Wash: An activity that uses bleach to soften and distress the appearance of the fabric being washed.

Boat Neck: A very wide neckline that runs across the collarbone area to the shoulder points. Derives from early sailors' shirts, where in fact the wide neck enabled quick removal if the sailor fell overboard.

inspirational shirts : Women's fashion response to the wife beater. A women's tank top, though it can be any color.

Brushed Cotton: A method to remove excess lint and fibers from cotton fabric. Brushed cotton usually includes a very soft, smooth finish.

Burn-Out: A process that uses sulfuric acid or other strong acid to "burn-out" elements of a fabric knit, usually a polyester/cotton blend. The process provides see-through, very sheer effect.

Cap Sleeves: Usually identifies shorter sleeves on women's garments.

Carbon Dioxide: CO2. A chemical compound made up of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom. Referred to as a "greenhouse" gas due to the relationship with global warming. Several t-shirt manufacturers are actually measuring and recording the CO2 emissions involved in manufacturing their shirts.

Carbon Trust: Independent organization founded in 2001 in the uk that monitors carbon emissions. The Carbon Trust works together with companies to help reduce their carbon footprint, and now certifies companies and products as having a "low carbon" or "no carbon" footprint. A few t-shirt companies now manufacture "low carbon footprint" t-shirts.

Carding: A fiber cleaning process that eliminates short fibers and removes dirt and foreign matter. Carding can be carried out yourself or by large machines using drum rollers. Carded-only cotton is not as desirable as combed cotton.

Cellulase Wash: Another name for enzyme wash. This gives fabric a soft feel and an antique look, depending on how the wash is done.

Cellulose: Produced from the cell walls of certain plants. Useful to make certain forms of fabrics, including acetate, triacetate, and rayon. Bamboo fabric is really rayon made from bamboo cellulose.

Cheap Cotton T-Shirt: T-shirts made out of carded cotton, using 18/1 thread, usually knitted on 20 gauge machines. These t-shirts are coarse, rough, and also have poor drapability. Used often as cheap promotional give-aways.

Climate Neutral: A term used to spell it out an organization, process, or product that has zero effect on the Earth's climate. A few t-shirt manufacturers advertise their company as climate neutral.

CO2: Skin tightening and. A chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms and something carbon atom. Known as a "greenhouse" gas due to the relationship with global warming.

Colorfastness: The ability of a garment to withstand multiple washings without losing its color.

Combed Cotton: A method to remove short fibers also to arrange longer fibers parallel to produce a smooth, fine cotton yarn. Combed cotton has high strength, excellent uniformity, and better hand. Combed cotton costs more and can be used in finer t-shirts.

Compacting: A process that compacts the area between cotton fiber pockets. Helps to reduce shrinking.

Contrasting Stitching: Stitching with a different color than the garment. Provides nice design detail in t-shirts.

Control Union: A global organization that offers certification services for a variety of programs--including many organic certification programs. Certifies USDA Organic, as well as GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard).

Cotton Jersey: Knitted, very slightly stretchy fabric with a smooth flat face and a more textured but uniform back. Average weight per yard is approximately 5.5 to 6 ounces. Basic t-shirts are constructed with cotton jersey. Fine cotton jersey is normally smoother and contains a lighter weight per yard.

Cotton: A natural fiber that is the most popular on earth for fabrics. Cotton fibers are usually � to 2 inches long. Longer fibers produce finer cotton fabric. Varieties such as Pima and Egyptian, which feature fibers exceeding 1.5 inches, are more highly valued than ordinary varieties.
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