Notes

152 Prof. Bogumił Grott. Przedhitlerowskie Korzenie Nazizmu, Czyli Dusza Niemiecka W świetle Sztuki I Religioznawstwa
In addition to black finish, there are also three other finishes that the company also uses in its amplifiers: white, red and burgundy. Gratia is bigger, because it is an (almost) full-size device, the front of which is the same width as of the amplifiers of this company (340 mm). In exactly the same way Marantz HDAM (Hyper Dynamic Amplifier Module) circuits were once made, presented - let's add - for the first time in 1992 in the PM-99SE amplifier. So, for example, one can connect two tonearms at the same time. These are, in fact, two printed circuit boards with electronic components applied to them in SMD technology. Vivid/Classic | Together with the Gratia preamplifier, we received from Fezz Audio two other chips - even more expensive and even more interesting: Burson Audio V6 Vivid Dual and Burson Audio V6 Classic Dual. This system features a FET input and is a replacement for a lot of different chips, for example from the Burr-Brown OPA series, but also the classic NE5532. However, there are a lot of inexpensive, cool phono preamplifiers on the market.

There is a switch that allows user to select type of cartridge, another one turns on/off the subsonic filter, there is a gain selector for the MM input and another to convert stereo signal to mono. Cartridge type - obviously: MM or MC, or Moving Magnet, with an output voltage of up to 5 mV and Moving Coil, with a voltage of 0.5 to 2 mV. Here there are separate inputs for each type of cartridge. There is no load setting for MC cartridges. 5 dB) we can also use MC HO cartridges. The PCB is classically made using through hole assembly, so it was possible to use high quality passive elements. Or simply use the HO MC cartridge, which will have a short signal path. Or to connect a matching transformer (so-called step-up), shortening the signal path - directly into the MM section. The circuit board with the audio system was placed at the back panel so that the input and output sockets - really nice ones - were soldered directly to it.

It was a great novelty in Poland and the peak of technology, and they were produced - among other places - in Krakow's Telpod factory, where I had apprenticeships a few years later. As wypracowanie , they are the result of twenty years of hard work and five earlier generations. This is an integrated (operational) chip that the manufacturer calls "hybrid", enclosed in i metal screen. The first of them is loaded with an impedance of 47 kΩ, and the value of the load for the latter manufacturer describes with a range of 50 - 1 kΩ, but without offering a specific value. Interesting fact - the amplifying circuits and the power supply are bolted to an additional element, that adds enforces the whole design, and the latter is bolted to the top wall, i.e. The is a single power supply for the entire circuit, with one symmetrical voltage and one unbalanced voltage.

The MC input is supported by low-noise transistors, while the MM input, and thus the second amplification stage for the MC, through a single integrated circuit for both channels (I’ll get back to that). Already in the basic version we get an excellent, rarely used (because expensive) integrated circuit - Burson Audio Supreme V5i. BURSON AUDIO, an integrated circuit reversed Opamp in the leading role | The main amplifying element of the Gratia preamplifier is the integrated circuit - Burson Audio Supreme V5i. For the latter, the user received tweezers and additional integrated circuits that he could exchange, changing the sound as well. This allowed to combine the advantages of integrated circuits (short signal path) with discrete ones (low noise). As a result, the signal path is shortened, and thus noise is reduced. And this was probably what it was about - shortening the signal’s path. This is a known technique and often used, but in tube amplifiers.


Like the ones from larger companies such as: Pro-Ject, Cambridge Audio, Arcam, NAD, and Music Hall, plus there are plenty of small producers, often almost at DIY level. On the front panel there is nothing but the white illuminated, laser cut manufacturer's logo, because all buttons are on the rear panel. Switching opamps | I don't know if you remember, but some time ago there was a product on the market that offered similar feature - it was the ASUS Xonar Essence One digital-to-analog converter, available in three versions - the basic, Xonar Essence One Plus and Xonar Essence One Muses. You probably don't remember it, but in the '70s and' 80s a popular choice of Polish music lovers was the Unitra Amator receiver (models 1-3, produced in 1976-1985). Beginning with the DSS-201 ('2') version instead of integrated circuits in the output they used hybrid, "thick-layer" integrated circuits GML-026. However, as far as I understand it, the idea was to offer music lovers a product that would be affordable (meaning - inexpensive). To stand out, https://turboszkolna.pl/artykul/9426/cke-arkusze-egzamin-zawodowy was not enough to propose a good or even very good product.


Website: https://turboszkolna.pl/artykul/9426/cke-arkusze-egzamin-zawodowy