Notes

Genetically modified crops offer more benefits than weeds

In https://www.kohnan-eshop.com/shop/g/g4957919634894/ , herbicide resistance may confer advantages on plants.

https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf -modification method that makes crops resistant to herbicides has been shown to be superior over the weedy varieties of rice. The results suggest that the benefits of such modification have the potential to extend beyond the confines of farms into the wild.

Many crops are genetically modified so that they can resist the effects of glyphosate. This herbicide was first offered under the trade name Roundup. This resistance to glyphosate allows farmers to eradicate the majority of plants without harming their crop.

https://search.rakuten.co.jp/search/mall/ラウンドアップ/ prevents plant growth by blocking EPSP synthase (an enzyme involved in the creation of certain amino acids as well as various other molecules). The enzyme can make up as much as 35 percent or more of a plant’s total mass. The method of genetic modification, which is employed for Roundup Ready crops by Monsanto (based in St Louis in Missouri), involves inserting genes into the crop to increase EPSP-synthase output. Genes are usually derived from bacteria that are infected with plants.

The plant is able to resist the adverse effects of glyphosate due to the extra EPSP synthase. Biotechnology laboratories are trying to use genes that come from plants instead of bacteria to boost EPSP synthase. ラウンドアップ is mainly due to the US law permits regulatory approval that allows organisms that have transgenes to be recognized as acceptable.

There aren't many studies that have examined the possibility that transgenes, like ones that confer resistance to glyphosate, can make plants more resilient to surviving and reproduce once they cross-pollinate with weedy or wild species. ララウンドアップ 希釈倍率 , a University of California plant geneticist, states that in the absence of competition, any type of transgene would be expected to confer disadvantage in wild plants. The additional machinery could decrease fitness.

Lu Baorong is an Ecologist at Fudan University Shanghai. His research shows that resistance to glyphosate offers a significant health benefit even when it's not used.

In their study, which was published this month in New Phytologist 1, Lu and his colleagues genetically modified the cultivated rice species to enhance its own EPSP synthase and cross-bred the altered rice with a weedy ancestor.

The team permitted the offspring from cross-breeding to cross-breed to create second generation hybrids. They were genetically identical except for the amount of EPSP synthase genes they carried. As expected, the hybrids with more copies were more likely to make more tryptophan as well as have higher enzyme levels over their counterparts that were not modified.

Researchers also discovered that transgenic hybrids have higher rates of photosynthesis. They also grew more shoots and flowers and produced 48 to 125 percent more seeds than the non-transgenic hybridswith or without the chemical glyphosate.

Lu believes that making the rice weedy less competitive might make it more difficult for farmers who have their land invaded by pests.

Brian Ford-Lloyd (a UK plant geneticist) states that if the EPSP synthase genes gets into wild rice, then their genetic diversity that is essential to protect could be at risk. The transgene could surpass the normal species. " ラウンドアップ is a prime instance of the most probable and damaging impacts of GM crops on the environment."

The public belief that genetically-modified crops that contain additional copies of their genes are safe is disproved by this research. Lu claims that the research "shows that this is not always true".

According to some researchers, the finding suggests that future regulation of genetically engineered plants should be rethought. Ellstrand believes that some believe that biosafety regulations could be relaxed because we've had two decades of genetic engineering. "But, the study showed that new products need to be evaluated with care."


Website: https://www.matsukiyo.co.jp/store/online/p/4957919634979