Notes

Genetically modified crops offer advantages to the weeds

https://shop.takii.co.jp/products/detail/MSH992 may possess an herbicide resistance advantage.

Credit goes to Xiao Yang
The most common method for genetic modification of crops that make them herbicide-resistant has been found to give advantages to the weedy varieties of rice, even when herbicide is not present. https://www.shopping-charm.jp/product/2c2c2c2c-2c2c-2c2c-2c2c-313038373831 suggests that this genetic modifications could also have the potential to impact wild animals.

A variety of crops are genetically modified so that they can ward off the glyphosate. This herbicide was first sold under the tradename Roundup. ラウンドアップ to glyphosate enables farmers to eliminate weeds without causing any damage to their crop.

Glyphosate slows the growth of plants by inhibiting EPSP synthase (an enzyme involved in the creation of certain amino acids and various other molecules). This enzyme can be as large as 35 percent or more of the plant's total mass. The genetic modification technique, which is used by Monsanto's Roundup Ready crops, which are located in St Louis (Missouri), typically involves inserting genes in the DNA of a plant to boost EPSP synthase production. Genes are usually derived from bacteria that cause disease to the crops.

ラウンドアップ can endure the negative effects of glyphosate since it has an extra EPSP-synthase. Biotechnology labs have also tried to use genes from plants instead of bacteria to boost the production of EPSP synthase, in part to exploit a loophole that is in US law that allows the approval of regulatory agencies for organisms that carry transgenes not made from bacterial pests.

Few studies have explored the possibility that transgenes that confer tolerance may -- once they are weedy or become wild relatives through cross-pollinating- increase the plants' survival and reproduction. Norman Ellstrand of the University of California, Riverside, said that the traditional expectation was that any transgene could be detrimental to nature if there is no selection pressure. This is due to the fact that any additional machines would reduce the performance of the.

Lu Baorong from Fudan University in Shanghai is now challenging that view. The study demonstrates that glyphosate resistance even when applied to an weedy variety of the rice crop could provide a substantial health benefit.

Lu and his associates modified cultivars of rice to produce more EPSP synthase. They also crossed the modified rice with a weedy related. Their work was published in NewPhytologist 1.

The team permitted the offspring from cross-breeding to cross-breed to produce second-generation hybrids. They were genetically identical except for the amount of EPSP synthase genes they had. As one would expect, hybrids with more copies had a higher chance to make more tryptophan and have more enzyme levels than their unmodified counterparts.

https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf found that transgenic hybrids were photogenic, had more seeds per plant and yielded 48-125 percent more seeds than non-transgenic varieties.

ラウンドアップ 蓋 suggests that making weedy Rice more competitive may make the problem worse for farmers across the world whose fields are being infested by the pest.

"If the EPSP-synthase gene gets in the wild rice plant, their genetic diversity, which is vital to preserve, could be threatened because the transgene's genetic make-up could outcompete natural species" says Brian Ford-Lloyd an expert in plant genetics at the University of Birmingham, UK. "This is an example of the very real negative consequences [of GM plantson the environment."

The general public believes that plants with genetically modified genes containing more replicas of their own genes than those from microorganisms are more safe. ラウンドアップ is also challenged by the study. Lu declares, "Our study shows this is not necessarily true."

The findings call for a review of future regulations for genetically modified crops, some scientists say. "Some individuals are suggesting that biosafety regulations can be eased because we've reached a high level of comfort with two years of genetic engineering" Ellstrand says. "But, the study showed that novel products still require careful analysis."


Homepage: https://www.zennoh.or.jp/eigi/research/pdf/gr334_06.pdf