Notes

What exactly is Roundup Ready?
First of ラウンドアップ , what is Roundup Ready? What are the Roundup Ready plants? Roundup Ready is a trademark name for a patent-pending line of genetically modified seeds that are immune to the herbicide glyphosate, Roundup. These crops are called 'Roundup Ready crops'.

ラウンドアップ was created by who?
John Franz, Monsanto chemical scientist, and the first person to find that Roundup's active agent was glyphosate, in the year 1970. http://www.greenjapan.co.jp/roundup_max.htm was the first person to define it as a herbicide. Most herbicides at that period were preemergent. These were applied before the growth of the crop and the weeds. Glyphosate's extraordinary post-emergent capability to control large quantities of herbicides for broadleaf and grass was something quite unique. Its combination with its remarkable environmental (soil destruction rapid degradation and no transfer) and toxicological (extremely low toxicity to mammals, beneficial organisms as well as beneficial organisms.) which created a product that was revolutionary.

What year was it when Roundup created?
Roundup(r) was introduced into the market in 1974 as a broad-spectrum herbicide. It quickly became one of top agricultural chemicals on the market. It was initially used on railroads, in ditches and on the fields during growing seasons. It allowed farmers to control grass and broadleaf wild plants from the soil. It also reduced the need to tillage and maintained the soil's structure.

The Roundup Ready GMOs were next.
Monsanto scientists became impressed by the breakthrough innovations in recombinant technology in the 1970s. Monsanto scientists realized the many benefits Roundup(r could provide farmers. It could be used directly on crops to eliminate weeds. A small group of researchers (Rob Horsch, Steve Rogers and myself) headed by Dr. Ernie Jaworski, began working on this challenge. By the early 1980s, this group had developed the first systems to introduce specific genes into plants. Our focus was now on developing virus-resistant insects resistant, Roundup-tolerant crops.

It was discovered that Roundup glyphosate inhibited plants' ability to produce aromatic amino acids. Roundup's high degree in mammal safety was due to this fact. Glyphosate also was quickly metabolized in the soil by microorganisms. Our research had identified both plant- and microbial genetics that conferred higher herbicide tolerance. ラウンドアップ ハイロード were first examined in the field by USDA in 1987. ラウンドアップ -resistant crop was genetically modified tomatoes that were resistant to Roundup. A few decades later the Roundup Ready gene that would become the most important characteristic of the Roundup Ready crop was discovered. ラウンドアップ 安全性 was later isolated and introduced into the plants.

Let's consider soybeans for an example. The first step is to address two issues. What is Roundup Ready soybeans and how do they make them? Roundup Ready Soybeans are genetically engineered soybeans that have had their DNA altered so that they are able to resist the herbicide glyphosate which is the main component in the herbicide, Roundup. This soybean is intolerant to Roundup as every seed is equipped with the Roundup Ready gene that has been infected before it's planted. That means farmers are able to apply herbicide to eliminate weeds without killing their crop.

Roundup Ready crop introductions in 1996 have had a profound impact on agriculture as well as agricultural science. ラウンドアップ realised the advantages of Roundup resistance and adoption was extremely rapid (today more than 90% of U.S. soybean cotton, corn, and canola fields use biotech-based traits that allow herbicide tolerance). Roundup Ready crops have simplified and improved weed control systems, which resulted in higher yields of the crop. Apart from reducing tillage and equipment costs Roundup Ready crops allow for easier harvests because there are fewer plants. The increased use of conservation-tillage has had a significant impact on the environment. Farmers can lower their consumption of energy and GHGs by reducing plowing. But this also helps preserve soil structure and reduces erosion. In 2013, this was equivalent to removing 28 billion kilograms of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, or equal to removing 12.4 million vehicles off the road for a single year (Source: PG Economics).
Read More: https://www.nissanchem.co.jp/news_release/news/n2020_01_23.pdf