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Is there really a healthy food to protect the soul? Physicians compare the functions of three nutrients
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Liu Jian, chief physician of Department of Cardiology, people's Hospital of Peking University
The idea of eating healthy food to improve health is widespread in all countries. According to incomplete statistics, in the United States alone, the market output value of health products (mainly supplementary foods) reached US $40 billion, with more than 80000 sales categories. From 2013 to 2020, the market scale of China's health products will also continue to grow. It is expected that the market scale will increase to 270.8 billion yuan in 2021. These data show that the public is more and more concerned about health improvement and hopes to invest in "preventive treatment" as soon as possible. Among them, there are many kinds of complementary foods for cardiovascular. "Heart panacea" coenzyme Q10, "brain gold" full fish oil, "new" vitamin K in cardiovascular complementary food industry, etc. are these complementary foods really effective, or are they exaggerated?
Coenzyme Q10. Vitamin Q10, also known as vitamin Q10, is a small molecular organic substance widely existing in animal and plant cells, which can be synthesized in a small amount in the human body or supplemented by diet. With the increase of age, its content decreases, and the level of coenzyme Q10 in some diseases also further decreases. The prescription drug coenzyme Q10 is usually used to treat heart diseases such as heart failure, myocarditis and coronary heart disease. Studies have shown that coenzyme Q10 supplementation can alleviate muscle symptoms such as pain and fatigue after taking statins; After taking coenzyme Q10, patients with heart failure can reduce all-cause mortality by 31%. However, please note that coenzyme Q10 of complementary food is only complementary food, not medicine. It is essential for patients with heart disease to actively treat and administer drugs according to the doctor's instructions. If you really need to take it, please go to the cardiology department and ask the doctor for evaluation before purchasing a qualified coenzyme Q10.
Fish oil. The general name of oils in deep-sea fish is fish oil. The main component is omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid, which is usually used to treat hypertriglyceridemia. Recently, the expert consensus on the management of hypertriglyceridemia published by the American College of Cardiology shows that fish oil preparations are suitable for two kinds: adults over the age of 20 with severe increase of triglycerides; Over 20 years old, triglycerides have risen to a moderate level, but have already suffered from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, diabetes or cardiovascular disease. According to the consensus, the pure fish oil preparation recommended by these two types of people is not fish oil health food, but prescription drugs. In addition, the specific use of pure fish oil preparation also needs to be evaluated and prescribed by cardiologists. At present, there is no sufficient scientific basis to support the effect of fish oil health products. It may be better to eat deep-sea fish twice a week. In addition, fish oil and cod liver oil are two completely different drugs. The main components of cod liver oil are vitamins A and D, which are used to treat vitamin A and D deficiency. The two can not be confused.
Vitamin K. Vitamin K family includes K1 and K2. K1 mainly comes from green leafy vegetables, and K2 comes from meat, dairy products, fermented food and intestinal flora synthesis in human body. The main function of vitamin K is to promote blood coagulation, prevent osteoporosis, atherosclerosis and so on. Recently, a study of 50000 people published in the Journal of the American Heart Association showed that daily intake of 100 micrograms of vitamin K1 and 77 micrograms of vitamin K2 had the most obvious effect on reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Green vegetables and meat are rich in vitamin K. eating 500 grams of green vegetables a day can basically meet the demand, so ordinary people are not recommended to supplement vitamin K.
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