Notes

RC Battery & Charger</br>

<h1>RC LIPO BATTERY GUIDE: EXPLANATION, SAFETY, AND CARE</h1>


Without LiPo batteries, quadcopters and also drones probably would not exist.


Why?


Because no other battery offers as much power while supplying high amounts of current in so small of a plan. This suggests: longer trip times, better maneuverability, and also faster flying. In other words, more fun.


However, there is a great deal of confusion about what terms mean, just how to properly bill lithium polymer batteries, and also how to be secure when utilizing batteries.


In this lipo battery guide, you'll obtain:


A comprehensive description of battery specs-- Nominal as well as cut-off voltage, capacity, C-rating, inner resistance as well as more

How to raise the life of your lipo battery

What to search for in a lipo battery charger

Just how to use a lipo battery charger

Why equilibrium charging is very important

The distinction in between different sorts of battery ports

Correct lipo battery safety and security and care

A glossary of common lipo battery terms


So, allow's start with battery specifications.


<h2>Battery Voltage</h2>


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The very first spec that most individuals check out when picking a battery is the voltage. As pointed out in my short article on electric motor Kv continuous, the rate of your electric motors is proportional to the voltage you supply to them so greater voltage batteries can turning electric motors much faster than reduced voltage batteries. The voltage of your battery will identify the type of ESC's and also electric motors that you will require to use.


Lipo battery voltage is specified by the number of cells in series. Each cell has a small voltage 3.7 V. Different battery firms mark their lipos in different ways but most people have a tendency to refer to their batteries as 1ST, 2S, FIVE, etc


The adhering to voltage chart reveals each battery designation and the equivalent voltage.


1ST = 1 cell in collection x 3.7 V = 3.7 V.

2S = 2 cells in collection x 3.7 V = 7.4 V.

THREE = 3 cells in series x 3.7 V = 11.1 V.

4S = 4 cells in collection x 3.7 V = 14.8 V.

5S = 5 cells in collection x 3.7 V = 18.5 V.

6S = 6 cells in series x 3.7 V = 22.2 V


You may likewise see lipos that utilize a letter &quot;P&quot; to designate voltage. As an example, 2S1P or 2S2P. This is not as common with quadcopter batteries however you might see it with LiPo's suggested for other sorts of RC vehicles.


&quot; P&quot; stands for the variety of cells in parallel. 2S1P indicates &quot;2 cells in collection and also 1 cell in parallel.&quot; If a battery doesn't have a &quot;P&quot; after that it is presumed to be &quot;1P.&quot; So 2S1P and TWO coincide thing.


3S2P suggests &quot;3 cells in collection and also 2 cells in parallel.&quot; This battery would have a total of 6 cells with 2 parallel groups of cells with 3 cells in series in each of those groups.


<h2>Optimum Voltage and also Cut-off Voltage.</h2>


Think about the 2 battery voltage curves in Figure 1. An &quot;excellent&quot; battery and an &quot;actual&quot; battery are revealed. An ideal battery would can offering constant voltage for the entire time it is discharging up until it is completely discharged.


Actual batteries don't behave in this manner. Rather they begin at a greater voltage and after that their voltage will slowly lower as the battery is released.


So while a suitable battery could have a voltage of 3.7 V throughout the whole time it is discharging, a real battery will begin at the maximum voltage of 4.2 V As it releases, keep decreasing.


How much will it lower? If you let it, it will completely discharge down to zero volts.


Nonetheless:.


Battery manufacturers normally advise you do not release your battery listed below a certain minimal voltage. This minimum voltage is called the cut-off voltage. Several makers advise the cut-off voltage for lipos to be 3.0 Volts.


Practically talking, this implies you ought to set your voltage alarm to something greater than 3.0 V to ensure that you can securely land your quadcopter prior to it drops listed below 3.0 V Many individuals set their alarms to 3.3 V.


<h2>Battery Capacity.</h2>


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Battery ability is determined in Amp-hrs or milliamp-hrs. It offers you an indicator of the complete power that a battery can save. In general, the greater the capability, the longer your battery will certainly last.


Making use of the gas storage tank example, a high capacity battery has a huge gas container that permits it to keep a lot of gas.


The best method to recognize the capacity of lipos is to think about exactly how it is gauged. The basic procedure is to take a battery and also find out what constant current triggers the lipo to go down listed below the battery cut-off voltage in exactly 1 hour.


The capacity is then just that current times 1 hour.


So a 3000 mAh capacity battery will go down from complete voltage to the cut-off voltage in 1 hour if you discharge the battery at 3000 mA (3 Amps). 3 Amps x 1 hour = 3 Amp-hrs = 3000 mAh.


There is one important thing you need to keep in mind ...


The ability of a battery decreases as the existing draw increases. This indicates that if your ability is 3000 mAh for a consistent 3 Amp current draw, then your capability will certainly be less than 3000 mAh if you draw a constant 6 Amps or a constant 30 Amps.


I've seen a great deal of descriptions of capability that don't tell you this. rc motorcycle parts will often see it created that if your battery's capability is 3000 mAh, then that means you can attract 3 Amps for 1 hour, 6 Amps for 30 mins, or 30 Amps for 6 mins. As a whole this is not the case.


In order to tell exactly how existing affects ability, you need to look at a lipo battery discharge curves. Many good battery datasheets will show different discharge contours for different continuous current draws.


This figure shows the discharge curve of a 1ST, 1700 mAh, 35C battery (extra on what &quot;35C&quot; means later on). Each line represents a different continuous current (42.5 A, 47.6 A, 51.0 A, and so on). This figure reveals us that for a given cut off voltage the discharge capability lowers as the existing draw rises.


In this example, for a removed voltage of 3.0 V, the capability at 1.7 A (1C) is 1700 mAh as well as I would approximate the capability at 42.5 A (25 C) to be regarding 1630 mAh and the capability at 68.0 A (40 C) to be about 1460 mAh.


So the 2 vital points to remember regarding capacity are:.


Ability tells you the amount of existing that the battery can providing for 1 hr.

If Battery &amp; Charger Sets release your battery at higher currents than that, your capability decreases.


( Note that Amp-hrs is not a step of power. Power is gauged in Watt-hrs. If you assume that the battery is discharging at consistent voltage, you could compute power from that. Nevertheless, as we learned in the previous section, batteries do not discharge at consistent voltage.).


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