Notes

-The court case Plessy v. Ferguson challenged the legality of ANS:racially segregated train cars.

-Read the quotation from Booker T. Washington’s Up From Slavery: An Autobiography.

“Every persecuted individual and race should get much consolation out of the great human law, which is universal and eternal, that merit, no matter under what skin found, is, in the long run, recognized and rewarded.”

How does this quotation relate to Washington's theory of accommodation?
ANS:He believed that in a merit-based society, hard work and patience would lead to racial equality.

-Booker T. Washington’s Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute eventually ANS:grew from a small school into a university.
-The Supreme Court’s Plessy v. Ferguson decision ruled that Louisiana’s Separate Car Act ANS:helped maintain public peace and good order.

-Booker T. Washington believed that the best strategy to end racial segregation was for African Americans to ANS:adapt to it as they worked to gain equality.

-Plessy v. Ferguson was overturned in 1954 when the Supreme Court decided that ANS:racial segregation was unconstitutional.

-Which of the following best describes Booker T. Washington?ANS: A civil rights leader who was born into slavery and later worked to achieve racial equality

-Which statement best describes the relationship between Jim Crow laws and the "separate but equal" doctrine? ANS:Jim Crow laws were designed to enforce this doctrine by requiring racial segregation for public facilities.

-Read the quotation from Dr. Oswald P. Bronson, recalling his childhood under Jim Crow.

“Even on our way to school some days, men would come by and throw oranges at us, sometimes rock perhaps. We [also] were very much aware of police brutality in that city at that time. We were conscious of the Ku Klux Klan riding around the town to keep everybody in check.”

In this quotation, Dr. Bronson is describing
ANS:intimidation, scare tactics, and violence perpetrated by both the police and the Ku Klux Klan against African American citizens.


-Which of the following directly violated the intent of the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution?ANS:poll taxes

-Read the quotation from Booker T. Washington's 1895 Atlanta Compromise Speech.

“In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.”

Which statement best describes the view Washington is expressing in this quotation?ANS:Maintaining an individual and racial identity does not mean all people cannot work together.

-In 1892, Homer Plessy was arrested for ANS:sitting in a "whites only" rail car.

-Jim Crow laws, a set of racist and discriminatory rules and regulations against African Americans, were enacted ANS:in the South starting in the mid- to late 1800s.

-Read the quotation from Booker T. Washington's 1895 Atlanta Compromise Speech.

“[P]rogress in the enjoyment of all the privileges that will come to us must be the result of severe and constant struggle rather than of artificial forcing.”

In this quotation, Washington is expressing his view that ANS:the government cannot legislate equality.

-In upholding Louisiana’s Separate Car Act, the Supreme Court claimed that ANS:segregation did not constitute discrimination.