Notes

AP EXAM REVIEW HEIMLER HISTORY LIVESTREAM #1
email address to send to address if submission fails
must be able to understand big concepts and historical developments
be able to illustrate concepts and developments with historical examples
unit 1 and unit 2 is here
two big concepts: state-building around the world and trade between those states (networks of exchange)
state-organized political unit under one government. small territory can be a state along with a big empire
key concepts and questions: how did states during this period maintain power? how did they exercise power? how did society bound together? how did increase food production and tech and make more powerful states possible?
also must know historical evidence of these concepts: song china is good for this.
1200-
Song china maintained power by Confucianism (which is philosophy that supported hierarchy structure. peace would only prevail as long as each member would pay respect to those above them. Children to parents, everyone to the emperor, etc.). Mandate of heaven also contained power, those who were in power were put in power by the divine gods and helps them maintain their power and exercise it. imperial bureaucracy one way that the similarity of much of the world implemented imperial bureaucracy to contain power. Set of government officials who carries out will or command of emperor or leader. Civil service exam also made people members of imperial bureaucracy when they needed to know about the fundamentals of Confucianism. All these things keep power in Song China.
how did society stay in song china? filial piety, the virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors. patriarchy where men are more socially important than women, practice of footbinding for women was a sign of status. religion such as Buddhism spread as well and came to china which created new branches such as dharvana Buddhism where buddha was a deity. Mahayana buddhism was also created which was influenced by Hinduism. Social structures yay.
question number 4- increasing commercialization of song economy not just for local consumption but outer areas. grand canal expansion also did this, as it boosted trade between regions also kept culture more consistent throughout china. diversity decreased, homogenous culture came. IMPORTANT- introduction of Champa rice from Vietnam which was drought resistant and could be harvest often which increased food in empire and increased population.
answer these questions for dar al Islam (1.3), south and southeast Asia (peninsula on east of china), Americas, Africa, and Europe.
everyone establishing bureaucracies, technological innovations economic flourishing
state building
put thesis at the end
4 questions- 1_by what means were states connected, 2_what did they exchange along networks,3-_ what innovations made that trading possible, 4_ what were the effects of this transferring?
1- Indian oceans trade routes, Sahara trade routes, silk roads.
2- silk road traded silk, porcelain, spices that were luxury items. goods traded were important but less important than other things such as ideas (like buddhism from Buddhist merchants and zoro also was syncretism into Buddhism). diseases were also spread across silk road such bubonic plague and black death.
Indian ocean trade route- trades luxury and common good items, affordable cause ships were big and had big cargo holds
syncretism blending of two religions. Porcelain went across trade routes, cotton, and pepper, cotton, gold from east Africa, also wheat, sugar , rice, etc. spread of ideas such as Muslim merchants with Islam across afro eurasia, spread Christianity across basin
trans-Saharan trade- salt, gold, enslaved people, Islam spread from southwest Asia to north Africa and Subsaharan Africa.
3- TECH OF SILK ROADSADDles on the camels, caravans serai. series of travel stops for camels every 100 miles for merchants to stop predictability. Indian ocean got maritime technology (anything related to ocean) astrolabe, magnetic compass, stern pose rudder, lanteen sail,
trans saharan route - saddle for camels
economic innovations of new forms of credit were being offered, establishment of money economies such as paper money, valuable cause it was agreed to be valuable. Exchanged for goods was made easier with this. bills of exchange were like checks
4- effects were diasporic communities (were groups of people were dispersed from homeland and went to go and live in another place. Jewish diasporas, Muslim diasporas. Had impact on place they lived in and culture they find themselves in. Arab and persian communities in east Africa which grew swahili and spread of Islam on the coast,) growth of powerful new trade states like as city states of swahili coast and sulnate of mahala (southeast Asia was peninsulas and islands I guess????)
U2- trade of states and all. Also mongols trade flourished for silk roads since mongols controlled these roads.
​Zheng He was a Chinese voygager that traveled in the Indian Ocean and Pacific. The expedition was canceled because it was too expensive.

contextualization needs specific evidence, relate it to the prompt.
spend 7-8 minutes for planning. 3 sentences for contextualization which are rich and specific. write two body paragraphs for the bulk of your time.
outside evidence must relate to prompt but doesn't have to relate to documents. Must be in the same time period.