Notes

APES Unit 5 - Overfishing & Aquaculture Mini Study Guide

Fishing is the __3rd__ major source of _food ___ for humans (_grain___ and _meat___ are the first two)
Global production of fish __Increased___ about _20%_% since 1980
A rapid increase in __farmed __ fish _____production
A decrease in _ Oceanic wild ___ ____ fish ____caught
__Fishery___: commercially harvestable population of fish within a particular ecological region
fishery _collapse___: the decline of a fish population by 90% or more
overfishing is occurring because new technology = easier to catch fish
What can be done to fix it:
Create more marine ___ protected____ areas
More no catch zones must be made to let fish populations and ecosystems to recover
Ban Trawling
Dragging huge nets through the ocean that scoop up every animal and the ecosystem in its pathway, resulting in massive ____ wasteful bycatch ______ (dead fish are returned to sea)
Worldwide catch shares
A system of fishing management that is proven to allow fish stocks to _replenish____ while saving livelihoods of fishing communities by ___preventing ___ a sudden collapse
Sustainable fishing means ___leaving___ enough fish in the ocean, respecting habitats and ensuring people who depend on fishing can maintain their livelihoods
For example: Tagbanua people in the Philippines hunt for specific species at different times, which keeps _healthy stocks of different fish
Eating sustainable fish: buy local (not from China or Vietnam); ___diversify ____ types of fish consumed

The farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, shellfish, and seaweeds
To construct an aquatic ecosystem you would need to:
__stocking___ organisms
__feeding___ them
___protecting __ them from disease and ___preditors __

The farming of aquatic organisms such as ___fish__, __shellfish ___, and _seaweeds ____
is likely that the future __ growth____ of the fisheries sector will come mainly from aquaculture
Can be ___benficial ___ to the environment because it can help __recycle ____ wastes and is flexible, as they can be built ___almost anywhere ____
On the other hand, they can pose dangers to the environment, like __ disturbing __ ecosystems and __propigating ___ invasive species
Critics point out _ consequences ______ of many environmental problems
(in typical aquaculture facility) _ clean ____ water pumped in at one end of pond/marine enclosure, & _wastewater______ (containing feces, uneaten food, & antibiotics) pumped back into the river/ocean at other end
Wastewater may contain: _bacteria___, __viruses __, & ___pests__ (that thrive in high-density habitat of aquaculture facilities) that _infect ___ wild fish
Fish __escaping___ from aquaculture facilities may harm wild fish populations by:
___competing ___ with them
___interbreeding___ with them
Spreading diseases & parasites