Notes

Successive approximation is performed by comparing the measured value with successive half values of a reference signal. This signal uses a sample-and-hold circuit and then it is processed as a digital signal. The conversion completes itself at the point where the two signals are the least possible distance apart.
The time for conversion is extremely fast, approximately 20 μSec where as for integrating type its slower at roughly 20 mSec.

The range is defined as the ratio between the largest and smallest values that the ADC can reliably measure. For an ADC, the dynamic range is related to the number of bits that are used to digitize the analog signal. This specification plays an important part especially in communication where the strength of the received signal can vary dramatically.
The Resolution can be used to describe the general performance of an ADC. Resolution and accuracy are terms that are often interchanged when describing ADC. The term resolution describes the useful bits from an Analog to Digital conversion with respect with the input noise.

Shannon's Sampling Theorem states that provided a signal contains no frequency component higher than fmax then the signal can be represented by, or reconstituted from, a set of sample values where the sampling frequency is at least 2fmax.
Math Question Answer:
Time for open to close to open takes 60sec. 1/60 = 0.016Hz. Fmax = 10 therefore 10 x 0.016 = 0.16Hz. To get the time -> Time = 1 Divided by the frequency so Time = 1/0.16 = 6.25 Seconds. Therefore the 5 second interval between the signals will be adequate.