Notes

INTRODUCTION OF ENRICHMENT
Enrichment is the method that uses to give the nutrient to the live feed.The type of food given must high in fatty acid.The example of food given is microalgae,palm kernel cake and yeast.This type of food is high in nutrient and very good for live feed.The example of live feed use are artemia,copepod,rotifer.

Enrichment of artemia
Artemia is live in marine.Artemia can be found at the Great Salt Utah.Artemia is also the main food for the larvae fish in the aquaculture farmer.Marine larvae in general require the polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n−3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n−3) for their normal development and survival. However, EPA is present in low amounts in Artemia nauplii and DHA is practically absent. For this reason, the nauplii need to be enriched before they can be used for feeding marine larvae.Artemia can be enrich by feed it with microalgae,PKC and yeast.
Enrichment of copepod
Copepod is the live feed from marine species.Copepod is very high nutrient and good for aquarist.Copepods may be highly nutritious for fish larvae (Watanabe et al., 1983), especially if they are rich in the essential fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n−3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n−3) and arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n−6). Efficacious diets for the larvae of a variety of fish species generally contain DHA and EPA in the ratio of approximately 2:1. EPA:AA ratio requirements are more varied between fish species (Sargent et al., 1999).The copepod is difficult to be enrich than aretemia because is more bigger in size and has bigger mouth than copepod.For copepod,it need the microalgae and PKC for it enrichment.
Enrichment of rotifer
For rotifer it has two types which is marine and freshwater rotifer.Farmer always use the marine type because it is high nutrient than freshwater.Marine type is get nutrient from it seawater content.marine type also high resistance than freshwater type. The type of food given is PKC,microalgae and yeast.This rotifer need to enrich because it suitable for larval fish. High density cultured marine rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis) fed on freshwater Chlorella was cultured secondarily with an emulsion of ethyl esters (65% DHA, 15% EPA) for EFA-enrichment, with or without freshwater Chlorella. Culture tanks (30 1, 20 1 working volume) set in a water bath (24 °C) were continuously supplied with air (2.501 m−1) or high-purity oxygen gas (1.25 1 nn−1). Samples for fatty acid composition analysis were collected at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours after the inoculation of rotifer, followed by the monitoring of rotifer density, DO, NH4-N and pH.


REFERENCE
1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848699000046
2. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0044848601006093
3. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-2097-7_23