Notes

C. Public Education
-free for children of all classes
Free Common Schools-->Horace Mann advocated public shools, compulsory attendance, longer school year
Moral Education-->wanted kids to be taught morality, McGuffey text books were made, private schools founded for Catholic/foreign kids
Higher Education-->growth of private colleges fueled by 2nd great awakening, some began to admit women
D. Changing American Family and Women’s Rights Movement
-Industrialization reduced value of children, family size decreased
Cult of Domesticity-->men responsible for economic affairs, women were moral leaders at home
Origins of women’s rights movement-->Sarah and Angelina Grimke, Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Seneca Falls Convention-->leading feminists met to issue their “Declaration of Sentiments, listing women’s grievances
E. Antislavery Movement
-2nd great awakening made slavery a sin
American Colonization Society-->society with idea of transporting freed slaves to African colony
American Antislavery Society-->William Lloyd Garrison’s abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, advocated immediate abolition of slavery w/out compensation
Liberty party-->northerners, Garrison’s radicalism led them to split with abolitionist movement, bring end to slavery by political means
Black Abolitionists--> most outspoken, Frederick Douglass spoke firsthand about brutality of slavery
Violent abolitionism-->most radical solution to slavery, revolting against “masters”, Nat Turner (VA slave) led revolt in 1831
F. Other Reforms
American peace society, protection of seamen floggings, dietary reforms, dress reform for women, study of skulls shape to asses character (phrenology)
G. Southern Reaction to Reform
-had little impact on many areas of south, more committed to tradition
-viewed social reform as northern conspiracy against southern way of life