Notes

According to the World Energy Outlook Special Report 2018 in [1], overall 80% of energy demand is provided by conventional energy(oil, fossil fuel, gas etc) in the whole world , which causes major environmental problems, e.g., smog pollution and over 90% of total greenhouse effect.

To evolve the environmental problems, scientists are working for the solution to sustain the earth for the future generation. Perhaps renewable energy sources like Solar energy, Wind energy are being increasingly in demand because they are free natural resources and are continuously restoked. We can use it as much as we can and there is no restrictions or limitations on using them and also they have very less impact on the environment.

Solar energy produces renewable clean energy which transform thermal energy into electricity . it's miles the cleanest and inexperienced power resources that's available within the whole global. wind energy describes the system by means of which wind is used to generate power and it is enough to supply massive amount of electricity and it has lesser effect by way of the conventional strength .
Wind Turbine:
A wind turbine or wind energy converter is a machine that alters the wind's kinetic energy into electricity.Wind turbines are manufactured in a huge variety of vertical and horizontal axis.larger turbines may be used for making contributions to a domestic power deliver.Wind generators need normal protection to live dependable and available.In the present case mills are available to generate strength 98% of the time.

Wind turbines transform wind energy to electricity for distribution using DC generator.Wind turbines are typically categorised relying on their axis of rotation together with 1) Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) 2) Horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT).Vertical axis wind turbines are available in several types.The horizontal axis generally have better performance than vertical axis.The principle distinction between these generators is their operating axis. Horizontal axis wind turbine the rotor axis is parallel to the ground and in vawt it's far perpendicular to the ground turbines.


Wind power calculation:

Pw=CpAPV3/2
Where, Cp= power coefficient of wind turbine
A= area
Pw= Wind power
V= speed of air
Р= air density

Solar Panel:

Solar panels produce renewable free power even as securing low application prices. Photovoltaic sun panels absorb sunlight as a supply of power to generate power. Photovoltaic modules use moderate strength (photons) from the sun to generate power through the photovoltaic effect. Most people of modules use wafer-primarily based crystalline silicon cells or skinny-movie cells. Relying on creation, photovoltaic modules can produce strength from a number of frequencies of light.

Charge controller:

A charge controller or charge regulator or battery regulator limits the charge at which electric contemporary is introduced to or drawn from electric batteries.. In solar programs, fee controllers can also be called solar regulators. A charge controller with MPPT( Maximum Power Point Tracker )capability frees the machine fashion designer from closely matching available pv voltage to battery voltage.The main function is to select suitable source either wind or solar to store the charge to avoid the overcharging of battery unit.