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CONSENSUS CRIME
STUDY OF CRIMINALITY
SOCIOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS: FUNCTIONALISM(Émile Durkheim), MARXISM(Conflict theory) AND INTERACTIONISM( George Herbert Mead based on the work of Max Weber)
Freud’s psychoanalytic model
The three main structural theories we are going to look at in this section are:
Social disorganisation theory
Social strain theory
Cultural deviance (also known as cultural conflict or subcultural) theory
Durkheim identified two concepts which influenced a person’s disposition to commit suicide:
Social integration
Social regulation
Durkheim’s typology
Age fallacy when victims are presented as being older.
Class fallacy when victims are portrayed as being middle class.
Dramatic fallacy when crime is heavily dramatised while in reality most crimes are mundane.
Ingenuity fallacy the impression that criminals are clever and calculating when often their offences are simply opportunistic.
Police fallacy when the performance of the police is exaggerated.
News Values
Galtung and Ruge (1965) formulated a taxonomy of news values which listed the criteria used by news editors in deciding on the newsworthiness of stories.
Immediacy – the event must be very recent as there is little interest in old news.
Dramatisation – action or excitement.
Personalisation – inclusion of a ‘human interest’ element.
High status – celebrities or royals make stories interesting to people.
Simplification – the story should be easy to follow.
Novelty – stories about unique or unusual events.
Violence – particularly if accompanied by visual images.
Risk – victim-centred stories which play on people’s fear.
Moral panics
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