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Polygenic Disorders (5)
• Diabetes
Definition:
• Diabetes is a disease in which your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy.
• There are two types of diabetes ; Type 1 Diabetes & Type 2 Diabetes
Signs & Symptoms:
• Feeling very thirsty
• Feeling very hungry
• Blurry vision
• Weight loss - even though you eat more
• Type 1 Diabetes :
▪ Tingling
▪ Numbness in the hands or feet
Causes:
• excess insulin, not excess blood sugar.
• in other words, high blood sugar is a symptom.
• Insulin is the hormone responsible for reducing blood sugar.
• In order for Insulin to work, our tissues become resistant and insulin struggles to clear out sugar from the blood.
Treatments:
• Type 1 diabetes:
▪ Exercise
▪ Insulin
▪ Vegetables
▪ Fruits
▪ Beans
▪ Lentils
▪ Whole wheat
• Type 2 diabetes:
▪ Exercise
▪ Weight reduction
▪ Diabetes medication (injected) are prescribed when these measures fail to control the elevated blood sugars of type 2 diabetes.
Prognosis:
• Type 1 diabetes
▪ Untreated type 1 diabetes is a fatal condition as a result of diabetic ketoacidosis.
▪ A complication that is characterized by severe disturbance in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism.
• Type 2 diabetes
▪ Can be a progressive disease in which the risks of macrovascular disease, mascovacular disease and death are all strongly associated with hyperglycaemia.
     
 
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