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RNA- single strand, ribose sugar, uracil replaces thymine, leaves nucleus to do work
mRNA- "messenger" RNA, carries code for proteins from DNA
tRNA- "transfer" RNA, attaches specific amino acids to the protein chain by matching the RNA code
rRNA- found in ribosomes, moves RNA from place to place
RNA Polymerase unzips DNA
Transcription Step 1 - RNA Polymerase attaches to the DNA at a promoter site
Transcription Step 2- DNA splits at the site of the RNA Polymerase, RNA Polymerase attaches matching bases to form new RNA strand from DNA template
Transcription Step 3- RNA Polymerase keeps adding bases making the RNA strand grow
Transcription Step 4- RNA Polymerase leaves DNA, RNA strand is released, DNA rewinds itself into a double helix
Result of Transcription- Complementary RNA strand
RNA Polymerase is responsible for transcription
mRNA travels to ribosome
Codon- 3 bases that code for a specific amino acid
Each amino acid has a specific code Example: UAG- stop codon AUG
Anticodons- complementary three letters of the codon, found on the tRNA which also carries the amino acid
In the cytoplasm, mRNA binds with the ribosome's small submit then a start codon (AUG) on mRNA signals the beginning of a protein chain, a tRNA with the UAC anticodon binds to the mRNA strand cause the bases match, amino acid methionine from the tRNA becomes the first amino acid on the new protein strand
Another tRNA with the complementary anticodon to the next codon joins with its amino acid
first tRNA leaves to go get another amino acid making room for another tRNA to land
When stop codon is reached (UAG, UGA, UAA) there is no anticodon for it so the ribosome falls apart after releasing the new protein
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