Notes

In these small progect we are going to discuss the relaetionship between selenium intake and thyroid cancer.
Initially, we will definite what is selenium,it's physiological function,it's role in the homeostasis of thyroid gland specifically and then we will include the answers of the projects question according to recent reesearch.
what is the selenium?
Selenium is a vital compound in the human body, can be available both in organic compounds (selenomethionine and selenocysteine) and in inorganic compounds (selenite and selenate).
Selenium is considered as an essential element for human physiology, has an anti-inflammatory , anti-neoplastic effect and protects from oxidative stress .

What are these physiological and pathophysiological functions in maintaing the homeostasis of thyroid gland in general?

Selenoprotein is any protein that includes a selenocisteine amino acid residue . Selenoprotiens are found in thyroid gland such as: glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxinereductases , participating in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, protecting it from free radicals and deiodinases type I and II.
Selenium status appears to have an impact on the development of several thyroid pathologies such as autoimmune thyroid disease including Hashimoto disease and Gravis disease , thyroid orbitopathy , Goiter , nodules and thyroid cancer .
Regarding its antineoplastic activity ,selenium binds protective antioxidants like glutathione to areas of DNA that needs repair, acting by this way decreases the damage to cellular DNA and is especially necessary to reduce cancer proliferation, and prevent against many degenerative diseases.
It has also been proven that selenium stimulate apoptosis in human cancer cells by contributing to natural antioxidant pathways.

How Does the selenium play role in thyroid cancer?
Selenium also has an important role in maintaining a healthy balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can prevent against metabolic complications such as cancer.
Specifically , low selenium levels are associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. This is due to the crucial role it plays on protecting the thyroid gland from damage.
Researches have been done by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proved that there is a strong evidence to claim selenium plays an essential role in carcinogenesis.
As we mentioned previously , selenium is able to inhibit tumors developed from abnormal cellular growth by supporting the repair of DNA.
So , based on these information ,selenium treatment can be an alternative method to fight against cancer. However , although many researches have done to correlate the link between thyroid cancer and selenium, the influence of this element on carcinogenesis in the thyroid gland still unclear .