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1. Coke burns in hot air to produce carbon dioxide
C (s) + O2 (g) = CO2 (g)
2. Limestone is decomposed by heat to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide
CaCO3 (s) = CaO (s) + CO2 (g)
3. Production of carbon monoxide;
Carbon dioxide rises up the blast furnace and reacts with more coke to form carbon monoxide
C (s) + CO2 (g) = 2CO (g)
4. Reduction of haematite to iron ;
Carbon monoxide reduces iron(III) oxide in haematite to iron ;
Molten iron is formed and it runs to the bottom of the blast furnace ;
Fe2O3 (s) + 3CO (g) = 2Fe (l) + 3CO2 (g)
5. Removing of acidic impurities ;
Calcium oxide remove acidic impurities like silicon (IV) oxide ;
CaSiO3 is called calcium silicate / slag ;
It floats on top of molten iron and is tapped off separately from the iron ;
CaO (s) + SiO2 (s) = CaSiO3 (s)
{ Base + Acidic impurities = Slag } neutralisation
Rusting : In the presence of oxygen and air, a reddish-brown substance (hydrated (III) oxide) forms on the surface of the metal ; this substance is called rust.
Conditions : Oxygen & water
Increase speed of rusting - sodium chloride & acidic substance ( Sulfur dioxide / Carbon dioxide )
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