Notes

Capital Table Management for IPOs
A Capitalization Table, also known as a C-table, is a table giving an assessment of the percentages of ownership, total equity, and net worth of equity in any round of financing by stakeholders, namely, founders, investors and other stakeholders. This information is normally presented to all members of the Board of Directors of the company at the annual general meeting. However, this is not necessary unless the company has prepared the tables in accordance with law.

In this capital table, information regarding all funding rounds, including the numbers of shares available for sale, is given. The numbers can also be obtained from the company's confidential books. The tables may not include the full details of the financing, but include only those that are relevant to investors or startup companies. Investors will still need to provide additional information regarding the capital structure to the Board of Directors during the shareholders meeting.

Capital calculations include the number of shares outstanding as well as their fair market value at the time of the last sale. Also included is the net effect of shares being replaced by new ones during the same financing transaction. The net effect is calculated by multiplying the net amount by the total number of shares outstanding. This is calculated on an ongoing basis through each subsequent investor or startup. The purpose of the capital table is to provide this essential information to all interested parties so that they have a complete picture of how the investment is progressing and whether it is likely to pay off. It is important that these tables are prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Securities Exchange Commission.

There are two types of capital structure options provided in capital table sheets. One is the total stock capitalization table, which compares the net worth or value of shares of stock to the total capitalization or amount of funds raised. The second is the capitalization table which compares net worth to current value or what the investors think the value will be at a later date. Investors may use one or both of these forms but should carefully compare them since investors could dramatically affect the results by making different choices. The exit waterfall represents the overall progress of the investment and can be summarized in terms of percent, dollars per share or percentage change from the current market price.

Capitalization tables are also used to calculate the expected revenue and loss for any particular startup along with an estimate of its lifetime revenue. The downside potential is then compared to the current market price for similar startups. The total cost of capital for any startup is then calculated by subtracting startup fees from estimated revenue. The final percentage is then divided by the total cost of capital. Startup fees and interest charges are also added into the equation to give a very accurate picture of the startup capital structure.

Capitalizing on an exit-strategy is what most savvy investors do when they see a profitable opportunity that will pay off in short order. However, this requires careful analysis on the part of the investors, since it's not the time to go hog wild. In order to get an accurate picture, there are a number of financial metrics that can be used to determine the value of a stake in a startup. An IP pro is an excellent resource for determining this as he has access to a capital table of all successful IP startups. As well, due diligence provides valuable information on potential funding sources as well as the valuation of competing deals.

Many venture capitalists offer cap table management services for investors who are looking to capitalize on unique startup opportunities. While early stage companies have higher risks, their prices are typically lower due to the smaller equity amount. With early stage companies, however, the total return is typically much higher due to the higher value of the equity stake and the potential to quickly realize more capital. This makes it extremely difficult for smaller companies to compete without the help of capital table management. A qualified venture capital manager is able to identify good companies and evaluate them based on a wide range of criteria. This includes the quality of the company management team, the traction of the business, the valuation of the business, market factors such as competition and industry trends, as well as other important financial metrics.

As a result of the relatively high valuation of IPOs, the sale of shares can be very profitable when the right deal comes along. Most venture capitalists prefer to issue new shares rather than issue convertible preferred stock. Preferred shares, however, have come under fire recently as many wealthy individuals have cashed out on their holdings through an acquisition. This has caused many financial institutions to limit their Preferred Share issuance to no more than 20% of the company's overall share capital. To make matters worse, when companies issue too many shares of Preferred Stock, they create a liquidity crisis as the cost of Preferred Stock becomes too high relative to the cash available to cover its purchase. As such, IPOs are generally only issued when the company has a solid business plan and the shares are valued at a multiple of the current market price.
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