Notes

Gender-specific design and success associated with non-pharmacological treatments in opposition to cognitive decrease and dementia-protocol to get a systematic review as well as meta-analysis.
H listeners in audiovisual speech conditions. Our results are clinically relevant, as they highlight the importance of assessing the CI outcome not only in auditory-only, but also in audiovisual speech conditions.The increase in drought frequency in recent years is considered as an important factor affecting vegetation diversity. Understanding the responses of vegetation dynamics to drought is helpful to reveal the behavioral mechanisms of terrestrial ecosystems and propose effective drought control measures. In this study, long time series of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) were used to analyze the vegetation dynamics in the Pearl River Basin (PRB). The relationship between vegetation and meteorological drought was evaluated, and the corresponding differences among different vegetation types were revealed. Based on an improved partial wavelet coherence (PWC) analysis, the influences of teleconnection factors (i.e., large-scale climate patterns and solar activity) on the response relationship between meteorological drought and vegetation were quantitatively analyzed to determine the roles of factors. The results indicate that (a) vegetation in the PRB showed an increasing trend from 2001 to 2019, and the SIF increased more than that of NDVI; (b) the vegetation response time (VRT) based on NDVI (VRTN) was typically 4-6 months, while the VRT based on SIF (VRTS) was typically 2-4 months. The VRT was shortest in the woody savannas and longest in the evergreen broadleaf forests. (c) The relationship between the SIF and meteorological drought was more significant than that between the NDVI and meteorological drought. (d) There was a significant positive correlation between meteorological drought and vegetation in the period of 8-20 years. The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and sunspots were important driving factors affecting the response relationship between drought and vegetation. Specifically, the PDO had the greatest impacts among these factors.Native emergent and floating plants; local reed grass (Phragmites karka) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), respectively, were used to treat textile wastewater using an integrated emergent-floating planted reactor (IEFPR) system at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 8, 14, and 19 days. Real textile effluent having characteristics of 1686.3 ADMI for colour, 535 mg/L for total suspended solid (TSS), 647.7 mg/L for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 124 mg/L for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was used throughout this study. The IEFPR system experienced maximum removal of colour (94.8%, HRT 14 days, day 3), TSS (92.7%, HRT 19 days, day 7), and COD (96.6%, HRT 8 days, day 5) at different HRT and exposure time. The process conditions (HRT and exposure time) were optimized for maximum colour, TSS and COD removal from textile effluent by employing response surface methodology (RSM). The optimization has resulted 100% removal of colour, 87% removal of TSS and 100% removal of COD at HRT of 8 days and exposure time of 5 days, with 0.984 desirability. The integrated plant-assisted treatment system showed reliable performance in treating textile wastewater at optimum operational conditions to improve effluent quality before disposal into water bodies or being recycled into the process. The potential of phytoremediator (produced plant biomass) to be utilized as resources for bioenergy or to be converted into value added products (adsorbent or biochar) provides an alternative to management strategy for better environmental sustainability.Saving water is a common responsibility of all humanity, which is essential for achieving sustainable use of global water resources. The aim of this study is to discover the determinants of an individual's intention to save water. Based on the theory of planned behavior, a novel comprehensive framework has been developed by extending environmental concern, perceived risk, and information publicity. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to perform an empirical analysis with data from questionnaire of 265 residents in Jinan, the famous Chinese "Spring City". The findings indicate that residents have a strong environmental concern and water-saving intention with mean values of 6.78 and 6.67, respectively. Attitude and information publicity are the most important antecedents of water-saving intention, followed by subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Environmental concern and perceived risk indirectly affect the intention to save water through attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The role of environmental concern is more important than the role of perceived risk. Interestingly, a high level of information publicity may strengthen the impact of attitude on water-saving intention but weaken the impact of perceived behavioral control. This study strongly supplements current knowledge on water-saving behavior. Moreover, these findings provide insights for policymakers to motivate people to save water.Changes over 50 years of research on antipsychotics in schizophrenia have occurred. A scientometric synthesis of such changes over time and a measure of researchers' networks and scientific productivity is currently lacking. We searched Web of Science Core Collection from inception until November 5, 2021, using the appropriate key. Our primary objective was to conduct systematic mapping with CiteSpace to show how clusters of keywords have evolved over time and obtain clusters' structure and credibility. Our secondary objective was to measure research network performance (countries, institutions, and authors) using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix. We included 32,240 studies published between 1955 and 2021. The co-cited reference network identified 25 clusters with a well-structured network (Q=0.8166) and highly credible clustering (S=0.91). The main trends of research were 1) antipsychotic efficacy; 2) cognition in schizophrenia; 3) side effects of antipsychotics. Last five years research trends were 'ultra-resistance schizophrenia' (S=0.925), 'efficacy/dose-response' (S=0.775), 'evidence-synthesis' (S=0.737), 'real-world effectiveness' (S=0.794), 'cannabidiol' (S=0.989), and 'gut microbiome' (S=0.842). These results can inform funding agencies and research groups' future directions.
Patients with schizophrenia consistently present pervasive cognitive deficits, but the neurobiological mechanism of cognitive impairments remains unclear. By analyzing regional homogeneity (ReHo) of resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, this study aimed to explore the association between brain functional alterations and cognitive deficits in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) with a relatively large sample.

A total of 187 patients with FES and 100 healthy controls from 3 independent cohorts underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance scans. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used to assess cognitive function. Partial correlation analysis was performed between abnormal ReHo values and the severity of symptoms and cognitive deficits.

Compared with healthy controls, ReHo values increased in right superior frontal cortex and decreased in right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), left middle occipital gyrus (MOG), left cuneus, right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and right superior occipital gyrus in schizophrenia patients. ReHo values in ACC, PCC and superior occipital gyrus were correlated with PANSS scores. In addition, ReHo values in ACC and MOG were negatively correlated with working memory; left cuneus was positively correlated with multiple cognitive domains (speed of processing, attention/vigilance and social cognition); PCC was positively correlated with verbal learning; right superior occipital gyrus was positively correlated with speed of processing and social cognition.

In conclusion, we found widespread ReHo alterations and cognitive dysfunction in FES. And the pathophysiology mechanism of a wide range of cognitive deficits may be related to abnormal spontaneous brain activity.
In conclusion, we found widespread ReHo alterations and cognitive dysfunction in FES. And the pathophysiology mechanism of a wide range of cognitive deficits may be related to abnormal spontaneous brain activity.
The limited literature available on quality of online health information about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), reported mixed findings and was more than five years old. This study aimed to assess the content quality, readability, aesthetics, and interactivity of current web-based information on ADHD.

We screened first 50 links obtained on searching for ADHD using two popular search engines (Google and Bing), out of which 44 websites were selected for quality assessment. They were analysed using pre-decided study Performa, which included previously validated DISCERN instrument for content quality. Flesch-Kincaid grade level score and Flesch-Kincaid readability index were calculated for assessing readability.

About 61.4% of websites had DISCERN score ≥40, suggestive of good content quality. However, only 38.6% and 13.6% of websites were written at recommended reading level of eighth and sixth grade respectively. The DISCERN score had significant positive correlation with aesthetics and interactivity scores. Websites with the Health On Net (HON) label had better content quality. No significant difference in the readability, aesthetics, and interactivity of websites with and without the HON label.

This study underscores the need for improving readability of web-based information on ADHD, and highlight important areas for improving the overall quality of websites. this website The use of HONCode label might guide general public in gauging the content quality of online health information, but not its readability or presentation.
This study underscores the need for improving readability of web-based information on ADHD, and highlight important areas for improving the overall quality of websites. The use of HONCode label might guide general public in gauging the content quality of online health information, but not its readability or presentation.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) encompasses several rare genetic disorders characterized by progressive lower extremity spasticity and weakness caused by corticospinal tract degeneration. Published literature on genetically confirmed pediatric HSP cases is limited.

We conducted a retrospective review of childhood-onset HSP cases followed in the neuromuscular clinics at Children's and Emory Healthcare in Atlanta. Clinical presentation, family history, examination, electrodiagnostic data, neuroimaging, genetic test results, comorbidities, and treatment were recorded.

Sixteen patients with HSP (eight males, eight females) with a mean age 19years± 15.7years were included. Ten patients (66%) presented with gait difficulty. Seven (44%) were ambulatory at the last clinic follow-up visit with an average disease duration of 7.4years. Genetically confirmed etiologies included SPAST (3 patients), MARS (2), KIF1A (2), KIF5A (1), SACS (1), SPG7 (1), REEP1 (1), PNPT1 (1), MT-ATP6 (1), and ATL1 (1). Symptom onset to genetic confirmation on an average was 8.
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